【摘要】 目的 了解山东省居民营养健康知识水平，分析相关影响因素，为营养干预政策制定提供科学依据。方法 2023年采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取山东省3 982名18～64岁居民，采用中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所设计的调查问卷，以入户调查方式开展调查工作。采用SPSS 19.0对数据进行描述性统计、χ~2检验、方差分析等。结果2023年山东省18～64岁居民营养健康知识知晓率为20.04%。不同年龄组(χ~2=15.640)、不同地区(χ~2=8.711)、不同文化程度(χ~2=35.615)、不同职业(χ~2=33.165)、不同家庭人均收入的成年居民营养健康知识知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。居民营养健康知识平均得分为(64.19±12.74)分。其中，食物选择与烹饪维度得分率最低(55.18%),节约食物维度得分率最高(85.75%)。在期望获取营养健康知识的途径方面，医院/社区卫生服务站/村卫生室、抖音等以视频为主新媒体占比较高，分别为57.11%、50.68%。持有正向营养相关行为的居民营养健康知识得分更高，差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。除畜禽肉类外，对不同食物有不同消费频次的居民营养健康知识得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 山东省18～64岁成年居民的营养健康知识知晓率有待提高。其中，年龄、文化程度、职业、城乡等是影响居民营养健康知识知晓的重要因素。居民在科学选择食物、合理搭配膳食等方面的能力不足。医疗机构、新媒体提供的营养健康咨询与服务是居民获取或期望获取营养知识的主要途径。营养健康知识水平对居民的饮食行为和膳食理念有一定影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the level of nutritional health knowledge among residents in Shandong Province and analyze the relevant influencing factors, thereby providing a scientific basis for the formulation of nutritional intervention policies. Methods In 2023,a multi-stage, stratified, cluster random sampling method was used to select 3 982 residents aged 18 to 64 in Shandong Province.A questionnaire designed by the Institute for Nutrition and Health of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention was used to conduct household surveys.Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and analysis of variance with SPSS 19.0. Results In 2023,the awareness rate of nutritional health knowledge among residents aged 18 to 64 in Shandong Province was 20.04%.There were statistically significant differences in awareness rates among different age groups(χ~2=15.640),regions(χ~2=8.711),educational levels(χ~2=35.615),occupations(χ~2=33.165),and per capita household incomes(P<0.05).The average score for nutritional health knowledge was(64.19±12.74).Among the dimensions, the scoring rate was lowest for food selection and cooking(55.18%) and highest for food conservation(85.75%).Regarding the preferred channels for obtaining nutritional health knowledge, hospitals/community health service stations/village clinics and new media platforms such as Douyin accounted for relatively high proportions at 57.11% and 50.68%,respectively.Residents with positive nutrition-related behaviors had significantly higher knowledge scores(P<0.001).Except for poultry and livestock meat, residents with different consumption frequencies of various foods had significantly different knowledge scores(P<0.001). Conclusion The awareness rate of nutritional health knowledge among adults aged 18 to 64 in Shandong Province needs improvement.Age, educational level, occupation, and urban-rural differences are important factors influencing awareness.Residents lack the ability to scientifically select food and reasonably balance their diets.Nutritional health consultations and services provided by medical institutions and new media are the primary channels through which residents obtain or wish to obtain nutritional knowledge.The level of nutritional health knowledge has a certain impact on residents′ dietary behaviors and concepts.更多还原