【摘要】 完善大数据综合试验区建设对加快形成新质生产力，缩小数字鸿沟，促进城乡融合和区域协调发展具有重要意义。基于2010—2020年288个地级市的面板数据，构建多期双重差分模型，探讨大数据试验区设立对城乡收入差距的政策影响和路径，研究表明：目前来说，尽管大数据综合试验区设立对缩小城乡收入差距并没有产生显著影响，但其中创新创业水平和产业结构升级发挥了遮掩作用，有利于抑制城乡收入差距的增长。大数据综合试验区的设立还存在区域不平衡性和试验区类型不平衡性。未来，大数据综合试验区建设应重视发展新质生产力，特别是在创新创业激励和产业结构升级方面给予政策引导；要重视跨区域综合试验区的建设，推动跨区域资源流动与协调，在区域融合发展中弥合城乡差距，助力共同富裕；在中西部区域要因地制宜调整政策发展方向，加大农村数字基础设施建设，提高农民数字素养。更多还原

【Abstract】 Improving the construction of national big data comprehensive pilot zones is of great significance in accelerating the formation of new quality productive forces, narrowing the digital divide, and promoting urban-rural integration and coordinated development. Based on the panel data from 288 prefecture-level cities in China between 2010 and 2020, this study constructs a multi-period difference-in-differences(DID) model to examine the policy effects and underlying mechanisms of the establishment of big data pilot zones on urban-rural income inequality. The research findings indicate that, as of now, the establishment of national big data comprehensive pilot zones didn’t narrow the urban-rural income gaps. However, the level of innovation and entrepreneurship and industrial structure upgrading exert a masking effect, facilitating the suppression of the widening of such disparities. Moreover, the implementation of big data pilot zones exhibits both regional imbalances and disparities across different types of pilot zones. Going forward, the construction of the national big data comprehensive pilot zones should prioritize fostering new quality productive forces, particularly by strengthening incentives for innovation andentrepreneurship, and guiding industrial upgrading. Greater emphasis should be placed on establishing cross-regional pilot zones to facilitate interregional resource flows and coordination, thereby leveraging regional integration to bridge urban–rural divides and advance common prosperity. In central and western regions, policies must be tailored to local conditions, with increased investment in rural digital infrastructure and enhanced digital literacy among rural populations.更多还原