【摘要】 根际作为植物?土壤?微生物发生复杂互作的核心界面，自其概念被提出以来，始终是土壤学领域的研究热点。植物通过根系持续向根际输入大量光合同化产物，进而调控土壤生物活性、关键生态过程及养分循环。当前，学界对根系分泌物的组成特征、产生机制及其在植物?微生物互作中的调控作用已形成较为清晰的认知。然而，针对根系分泌物如何影响土壤温室气体排放及其内在调控机制，目前尚未明确。本文系统梳理了根系分泌物影响温室气体排放和土壤微生物群落的研究工作，分别从根系分泌物的含量、种类及其类似物3个维度，探讨了根系分泌物介导的植物?微生物互作过程，及其对微生物驱动的温室气体排放的调控效应。在此基础上，进一步剖析了根系分泌物影响土壤微生物群落结构与温室气体排放的内在机制，明确指出当前研究存在的局限性，并对未来研究方向进行了展望。未来应进一步强化系统性与精细化的研究策略，尤其在全球气候变化背景下，需深入揭示根系分泌物对土壤碳、氮相关温室气体排放的贡献系数，并加强其对土壤碳库稳定性影响机制的研究，以期为精准调控土壤温室气体排放、提升土壤碳汇功能提供理论支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the core interface of plant?soil?microorganism interaction,the rhizosphere has remained a research hotspot in soil science since its proposed. Plants release substantial photoassimilate into the rhizosphere via root systems,governing soil biological activity,ecological processes,and nutrient cycling. While a significant understanding exists regarding the composition and production mechanisms of root exudates,as well as the role in plant?microbe interactions,there remains a significant research gap concerning the influence on soil greenhouse gas emissions and the underlying mechanisms. This review systematically aims to summarize recent domestic research progress in understanding how root exudates influence soil microorganisms and greenhouse gas emissions.This paper systematically reviewed recent research progress on the influence of root exudates on greenhouse gas emissions and soil microbial communities and then further examined the root exudate?mediated plant?microbe interactions and their regulation of microbial?driven greenhouse gas production through three dimensions: the quantity of root exudates,the types of root exudates,and their analogs. Based on this foundation,the internal mechanisms by which root exudates affected soil microbial community structure and greenhouse gas emissions were further analyzed. The review also explicitly identified the limitations of current research and suggests potential directions for future studies. In the future,systematic and refined research strategies should be further strengthened,especially in the context of global climate change,the contribution coefficient of root exudates to soil carbon and nitrogen greenhouse gas emissions should be deeply revealed,and the research on its influence mechanism on the stability of soil carbon pool should be strengthened,in order to provide theoretical support for accurately regulating soil greenhouse gas emissions and improving soil carbon sink function.更多还原