【摘要】 目的 探索影响我国不同层级地区快速启动cART流程的因素，为优化防治策略提供依据。方法 采用目的抽样法，分别对我国辽宁、浙江、广东和四川四省，省-市-县三级的疾病预防控制中心工作人员、定点医院医护人员、正在进行cART的HIV/AIDS患者进行半结构化访谈。采用主题分析法对访谈资料进行编码与分析。结果 共访谈194人。影响快速启动cART的因素涵盖服务提供方和接受方。服务提供方因素包括机构协作机制、地区间政策差异、医务人员水平及检测技术能力；服务接受方因素包括心理因素、疾病认知局限、经济负担及对隐私保护和便捷服务的需求。结论 我国快速启动cART工作面临多维度挑战，需从构建协同网络、强化政策保障、提升人员能力、优化技术服务及加强患者教育等方面进行系统优化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the factors influencing the rapid initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy(cART) for human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) in different regions of China and to provide evidence for optimizing prevention and treatment strategies. Methods Using purposive sampling, semi-structured interviews were conducted with staff from provincial, municipal, and county-level Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, healthcare workers from Designated Hospitals, and individuals living with HIV who are currently receiving cART in Liaoning, Zhejiang, Guangdong, and Sichuan provinces of China. Thematic analysis was used to code and analyze the interview data. Results A total of 194 participants were interviewed. Factors influencing the rapid initiation of cART encompass both service providers and recipients. Provider-side factors include interagency collaboration, regional policy disparities, professional capacity among healthcare workers, and mechamisms detection technologies. Recipient-side factors include psychological barriers, limited disease awareness, economic burden, demand for privacy protection, and the need for convenient services. Conclusions Rapid cART implementation in China faces multidimensional challenges. Systematic improvements are required, including building collaborative networks, strengthening policy support, enhancing professional capacity, optimizing technical services, and strengthening patient education.更多还原