【摘要】 探究蚯蚓粪应用对甜瓜产量、品质及风味的影响，为实现甜瓜优质生产提供参考。以‘农大甜8号’甜瓜为种植品种，设置蚯蚓粪基质槽式栽培、土壤配施蚯蚓粪栽培以及常规土壤栽培3种种植方式，测定果实单果质量、营养物质含量及应用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)测定挥发性香气物质成分含量等。结果表明，土壤配施蚯蚓粪产量最高，纯蚯蚓粪基质栽培次之，分别达65 833.10 kg/hm~2和59 020.67 kg/hm~2;纯蚯蚓粪基质栽培下可溶性固形物、维生素C、可溶性糖、还原糖和可溶性蛋白含量等营养品质指标最高，分别为17.69 mg/g、9.55 mg/g、26.85 mg/g、23.13 mg/g和7.11 mg/g;利用GC-MS检测到132种芳香物质，包括醇类、醛类、酯类、酮类和烯类等九大类，纯蚯蚓粪基质栽培总含量最高；此外，基于香气活力值分析得到12种特征香气物质，分别为1-壬醇、(Z)-3-壬烯-1-醇、(Z)-6壬烯-1-醇、(E,Z)-3,6-壬二烯-1-醇、(E,Z)-2,6-壬二烯-1-醇、己醛、(E)-2-壬烯醛、正壬醛、(Z)-6-壬烯醛、(E,Z)-2,6-壬二烯醛、丁酸乙酯和2-甲基丁酸乙酯，其中(Z)-3-壬烯-1-醇和(Z)-6-壬烯醛对总体风味贡献高；主成分分析可知，(E,Z)-3,6-壬二烯-1-醇和己醛为甜瓜特征香气物质，对甜瓜特有风味起关键作用；利用熵值法和线性加权法综合评价，纯蚯蚓粪栽培得分最高为0.8503,果实品质最佳。综上分析，蚯蚓粪基质槽式栽培可用于优质甜瓜生产。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study aimed to investigate the effect of vermicompost on melon yield, quality, and flavor, with the objective of providing valuable insights for achieving high-quality production.The melon cultivar ’Nongdatian 8’ was used in the experiment.Three treatments were implemented: vermicompost trough cultivation, conventional soil cultivation, and soil supplementation with vermicompost.Fruits were sampled to measure single fruit mass and nutrient content.The volatile components were determined using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The results indicated that soil supplemented with vermicompost showed the highest yield(65 833.10 kg/hm~2),followed by pure vermicompost(59 020.67 kg/hm~2).The vermicompost trough cultivation had the highest levels of soluble solid content(17.69 mg/g),vitamin C content(9.55 mg/g),soluble sugar content(26.85 mg/g),reduced sugar content(23.13 mg/g),and soluble protein content(7.11 mg/g).A total of 132 volatile components were detected using GC-MS,encompassing nine major categories, including alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, alkenes, and so on.The vermicompost trough cultivation exhibited the highest concentration of volatile compounds.In addition, based on odor activity value(OAV) analysis, 12 volatile compounds were identified as characteristic components of melon, including 1-Nonanol,(Z)-3-Nonen-1-ol,(Z)-6-Nonen-1-ol,(E, Z)-3,6-Nonadien-1-ol,(E, Z)-2,6-Nonadien-1-ol, Hexanal,(E)-2-Nonenal, Nonanal,(Z)-6-Nonenal,(E, Z)2,6-Nonadien, Butanoic acid ethyl ester, and Butanoic acid 2-methyl-ethyl ester.Among them,(Z)-3-none-1-ol and(Z)-6-nonenal significantly contributed to the overall tasteprofile.Principal component analysis shows that(E,Z)-3,6-Nonadien-1-ol and Hexanal are characteristic volatile matter components responsible for the unique flavor of melon.The fruit quality of vermicompost trough cultivation exhibited the highest score of 0.850 3,as determined by the entropy method and linear massing method for comprehensive evaluation.Optimal cantaloupe fruit quality can be achieved through vermicompost trough cultivation, thereby facilitating the production of high-quality melon.更多还原