【摘要】 随着我国公路运输需求的增长和极端天气的频发，道路基础设施的维护与管理面临严峻挑战。笔者探讨了在政策背景、气候变化和技术进步的推动下车辆荷载识别技术的需求；分析了车辆荷载识别技术的理论研究进展、传感感知手段及误差影响；最终提出了车辆荷载识别技术未来可能的发展方向，包括精细化的理论模型、多传感器融合、非接触式感知、人工智能算法优化和数据资源整合。这些技术进步将为道路与桥梁提供更精准的运维策略和可靠的安全保障措施，提升交通基础设施的功能性、耐久性和经济性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasing demand for road transportation and the growing frequency of extreme weather events in China, it has become increasingly challenging to maintain and manage road infrastructure. Under the influence of policies, climate change, and technological advancements, the demands for vehicle load-identification technology was discussed in this paper; The progress in vehicle load-identification theory, sensing technologies and error analysis were analyzed; Finally, the potential directions about the vehicle load identification in future have been put forward, including refined theoretical models, multi-sensor integration, non-contact sensing, AI intelligent algorithms optimization and data integration, which are expected to improve the precision of maintenance strategies and enhance the safety and efficiency of road and bridge infrastructure.更多还原