【摘要】 城乡数字鸿沟是当前我国实施乡村全面振兴战略面临的重要难题，数字乡村建设或可成为破解这一难题的关键策略。基于2011—2023年我国283个地级市面板数据，将国家数字乡村试点政策实施作为准自然实验，运用双重机器学习模型识别数字乡村试点对城乡数字鸿沟的影响及作用机制。研究发现：数字乡村试点显著促进了城乡数字鸿沟的弥合，经过一系列稳健性检验后该结论依然成立，主要通过完善乡村数字基础设施、提升乡村农民数字素养、助推产业数字化转型三条路径来实现。异质性检验发现，东部地区、低海拔地区、城乡要素流动快的地区，数字乡村试点能够显著弥合城乡数字鸿沟。进一步分析表明，新质生产力在数字乡村试点助推城乡数字鸿沟弥合的过程中发挥了正向调节作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The urban-rural digital divide is a significant challenge in China’s current implementation of the comprehensive rural revitalization strategy, and the construction of a digital countryside may serve as a key strategy to address this issue. Based on panel data from 283 prefecture-level cities in China from 2011 to 2023, this study treats the implementation of national digital rural pilot policies as a quasi-natural experiment and employs a double machine learning model to identify the impact and mechanisms of digital rural pilot policies on the urban-rural digital divide. The findings reveal that the implementation of national digital rural pilot policies significantly promotes the narrowing of the urban-rural digital divide, and this conclusion remains valid after a series of robustness tests. The effects are primarily achieved through three pathways: improving rural digital infrastructure, enhancing digital literacy among rural farmers, and facilitating the digital transformation of industries. Heterogeneity tests further indicate that digital rural pilot policies can significantly narrow the urban-rural digital divide in eastern regions,low-altitude areas, and regions with rapid urban-rural factor mobility. Additionally, it is found that new quality productive forces plays a positive moderating role in the process of narrowing the urban-rural digital divide through digital rural pilot policies.更多还原