【摘要】 为了比较豇豆在半包围和全包围防虫网模式下蓟马数量、生长特性及田间温湿度变化、通风情况和产量，以豇豆品种丰茂优选为试验材料，设置半包围网、全包围网与露地栽培3个处理进行调查研究。结果表明，在全包围网覆盖下，豇豆整个生育期内的蓟马数量均低于半包围网和露地栽培，2024年3月5日调查显示，全包围网内蓟马数量低于露地栽培94.93%，半包围网低于露地栽培88.84%。覆盖防虫网可以加快豇豆的生长速率，且全包围网快于半包围网，在调查早期，全包围网内豇豆平均株高比露地栽培高30.62%，比半包围网高24.39%。半包围网内豇豆上部节间距长于全包围网和露地栽培，全包围网内豇豆中部节间距在调查后期长于半包围网和露地栽培，全包围网和半包围网内豇豆下部节间距在调查的大部分时期短于露地栽培，且二者之间无显著差异。覆盖防虫网后，豇豆田温度与相对湿度的日变化趋势与露地栽培基本一致，全包围网与半包围网内的平均温度分别高于露地栽培0.9、0.8℃，而平均相对湿度差异较小，在一天中的12:00—15:00，全包围网内的温度略高于半包围网和露地栽培，相对湿度略低于半包围网和露地栽培。覆盖防虫网对豇豆田的通风情况有一定影响，半包围网室的通风情况更好，全包围网室内平均风速在多次测量中显示为0。全包围网内豇豆产量比半包围网提高了12.96%。综上所述，相较于半包围网，全包围网可以更好地阻隔蓟马，加快豇豆的生长速率，提高豇豆产量，而半包围网的通风性更好。覆盖防虫网会使豇豆田的温度升高，相对湿度下降，在一天中的高温时刻，全包围网室内的温度略高于半包围网和露地栽培，而相对湿度略低于半包围网和露地栽培。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study comparatively evaluated thrips population dynamics, growth parameters, microclimate conditions(temperature/humidity/ventilation), and yield performance of cowpea(Vigna unguiculata cv. ‘Fengmao Youxuan’) under three cultivation systems: semienclosed netting(SEN), fully enclosed netting(FEN), and open field(control). The key findings include the following:(1) FEN demonstrated superior thrips exclusion throughout the growth cycle, reducing populations by 94.93% versus the control(SEN: 88.84% reduction) as measured on March 5, 2024.(2) Netting systems accelerate growth rates(FEN>SEN), with FEN producing 30.62% taller plants than the control and 24.39% taller than SEN during the early growth stages. Internode length variations were system dependent: the upper internodes were longest in SEN, the middle internodes were longest in FEN during late growth, and both net systems produced shorter lower internodes than did the control, without significant intersystem differences.(3) Daily temperature/humidity trends remained consistent across systems, with netting increasing temperatures(FEN: +0.9℃; SEN: +0.8℃vs control) while minimally affecting relative humidity. During peak daylight hours(12:00–15:00), FEN maintained slightly higher temperatures but lower humidities than did the SEN and the control.(4) Ventilation was significantly better for SEN(FEN recorded zero wind speed in repeated measurements).(5) Yield increased by 12.96% under FEN compared with SEN. The study demonstrated that FEN provides better pest exclusion and yield enhancement, while SEN offers superior ventilation. Both net systems moderately elevated field temperatures while reducing humidity during peak daylight.更多还原