【摘要】 锰是关乎国家经济安全的大宗紧缺战略金属，我国锰矿资源虽储量尚可，但普遍属于低锰铁比（Mn/Fe）的共生锰铁矿，禀赋差、开采难，导致对外依存度已超过90%，资源供应风险突出。为解决此关键问题，实现锰铁资源的有效分离与综合利用至关重要。本文系统综述了锰铁矿分离技术的研究进展，重点评析了磁选、浸出、联合工艺及富锰渣法等主流方法的分离机理、工艺参数与回收效能，并指出其各自的技术瓶颈。此外，本文特别探讨了非常规介质强化分离等新兴绿色技术，该类方法通过介质定向调控实现锰/铁矿物的选择性相变与转化，为高效低碳分离提供了新途径。未来研究应致力于多技术耦合与绿色工艺创新，为我国锰资源的安全保障与清洁高效利用提供关键技术支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Manganese is a bulk strategic metal critical to national economic security, yet it is in short supply. Although China’s manganese ore resources have considerable reserves, they are predominantly characterized by low Mn/Fe ratio and symbiotic manganese-iron ore, featuring poor ore quality and difficult mining conditions. This has led to an external dependence exceeding 90%, highlighting significant resource supply risks. To address this crucial issue, the efficient separation and comprehensive utilization of manganese and iron resources are of paramount importance. This paper systematically reviews the research progress in separation technologies for manganese-iron ores, with a focused analysis of mainstream methods including magnetic separation, leaching, combined processes, and the rich manganese slag method. It evaluates their separation mechanisms, process parameters, recovery efficiency, and identifies their respective technical bottlenecks. Furthermore, the paper specifically discusses emerging green technologies such as separation enhanced by unconventional media. These methods achieve selective phase transformation and conversion of manganese/iron minerals through directed mediation, offering a new pathway for efficient and low-carbon separation. Future research should focus on the integration of multiple technologies and innovation in green processes to provide key technical support for ensuring the security of China’s manganese resources and their clean, efficient utilization.更多还原