【摘要】 将北极航道作为货运的常态化航线不仅可以充分利用其独特的地理位置和潜在的航运能力，还可以有效缓解复杂国际局势下的全球供应链危机。但相较于其他海域，北极航道上存在高频不可预测的环境扰动因素，如海冰变动、温度变动、能见度变动等。货运船舶间需要保持即时通讯来应对上述危机，但目前缺乏即时安全可靠的信息交互机制。随着可覆盖北极航道的北斗三代卫星系统正式投入使用，北斗三代短报文通信成为了构建信息交互机制的有效手段。本文在此基础上提出一种北斗三代服务下北极航道船队动态调度优化问题（ADSOP）的解决方案：基于北斗三代卫星导航系统设计服务于北极航道船队调度的多基站型船队信息服务框架；在该框架的服务下，设计北极航道船队动态调度的广义时空网络模型来分析船队执行货运任务的不同场景；采用改进差分进化算法（DE）进行模型求解；最后利用某船公司北极航线AIS船舶数据进行算例分析。研究结果表明：在北极航道特殊的航行环境条件下，本文所提出的方案可作为承运人在设计北极航道船队货运调度计划时的重要参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Employing the Arctic shipping route as a regular cargo route can not only fully leverage its unique geographical location and potential shipping capacity but also effectively mitigate the global supply chain crisis amid the complex international situation. Nevertheless,compared to other sea areas,the Arctic shipping route is characterized by high-frequency and unpredictable environmental disturbance factors,such as sea ice variations,temperature changes,and visibility alterations. Cargo ships need to maintain real-time communication to cope with the aforementioned crises; however,there is currently a lack of an immediate,safe,and reliable information interaction mechanism. With the official commissioning of the Beidou-3 satellite system covering the Arctic shipping route,the short message communication of Beidou-3 has emerged as an effective means for constructing the information interaction mechanism. On this basis,this paper presents a solution to the dynamic dispatch optimization problem(ADSOP)of the Arctic shipping route fleet under the Beidou-3 service: A multi-base station type fleet information service framework dedicated to the dispatch of the Arctic shipping route fleet is designed based on the Beidou-3 satellite navigation system.Under the service of this framework,a generalized spatio-temporal network model for the dynamic dispatch of the Arctic shipping route fleet is devised to analyze different scenarios of the fleet carrying out cargo tasks. An improved differential evolution algorithm(DE)is adopted for model solving. Finally,AIS vessel data of an Arctic route from a certain shipping company is utilized for case analysis. The research results indicate that under the particular navigation environment conditions of the Arctic shipping route,the proposed scheme can serve as a significant reference for carriers when designing the cargo dispatch plan for the Arctic shipping route fleet.更多还原