【摘要】 高寒地区露天矿面临着极端低温、剧烈温差、干旱缺氧、大风少雨等严苛自然环境,使得开采面临着巨大的挑战。基于Cite Space文献计量分析方法,梳理了近年来高寒地区露天矿技术的发展脉络与研究热点。研究结果表明,现有成果主要集中于智能化装备应用、冻融循环影响机理、边坡稳定性分析以及生态环境修复等方面,但整体存在系统集成度低、动态响应能力不足、技术路径分散等问题;当前该领域的研究合作关系主要呈现出局部性和地域性,学术界与企业界的合作尚显不足;高寒露天矿的研究热点为冻融循环与边坡安全,未来的研究趋势为冻融循环对岩体微观结构的影响、寒冷地区边坡的智能化监测与稳定性优化等。最后,针对上述不足提出发展建议:需构建适应高寒环境的智能协同作业系统,发展融合多因素扰动机制的高寒地区边坡失稳预测模型,建立分区分类的生态修复技术体系,并引入全过程评估机制以提升修复效果的量化管控能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Open-pit mines in alpine regions are facing harsh natural environments such as extreme low temperatures,severe temperature differences,drought and hypoxia,and strong winds and less rain,making mining face enormous challenges.Based on the Cite Space bibliometric analysis method,the development context and research hotspots of open-pit mine technology in alpine regions in recent years are sorted out. The research results show that the existing achievements mainly focus on the application of intelligent equipment,the influence mechanism of freeze-thaw cycle,slope stability analysis and ecological environment restoration,but there are some problems such as low system integration,insufficient dynamic response ability and scattered technical paths. At present,the research cooperation relationship in this field mainly presents locality and regionality,and the cooperation between academia and business community is still insufficient. The research hotspots of high-cold open-pit mines are freeze-thaw cycles and slope safety. The future research trends are the influence of freeze-thaw cycles on the microstructure of rock mass,intelligent monitoring and stability optimization of slopes in cold regions. Finally,in view of the above shortcomings,the development suggestions are put forward:it is necessary to construct an intelligent collaborative operation system adapted to the alpine environment,develop a slope instability prediction model integrating multi-factor disturbance mechanism in the alpine region,establish a zoning and classification ecological restoration technology system,and introduce a wholeprocess evaluation mechanism to improve the quantitative control ability of the restoration effect.更多还原