【摘要】 利用Wilhelmy吊板法测试原理,自制了表面张力测定仪,测定了Zn、Zn-Al、Zn-Al-Re锌浴在430～520℃下的表面张力,研究了温度、铝元素和稀土元素对锌浴表面张力的影响。结果表明:在430～520℃的范围内,纯锌浴的表面张力为0.744～0.782N·m^-1,随着温度的升高而降低。与真空环境下纯锌浴表面张力相比,本实验测得值略小。在430～520℃范围内,向纯锌浴中添加了质量分数为0.05%～0.5%的铝,与纯锌浴的表面张力相比下降了1.66%～36.07%。在相同温度下,随着铝含量的增加,锌浴的表面张力降低。在430～520℃的范围内,在含0.2%铝的锌浴基础上添加了质量分数为0.2%和0.3%的稀土（Re）,表面张力进一步降低了12.81%～16.11%。在相同温度下,随着稀土含量的增加,锌合金浴表面张力降低。在锌浴中添加相同质量分数元素的情况及相同温度下,相比于稀土,铝更能降低锌浴的表面张力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using the Wilhelmy hanging plate method testing principle, a self-made surface tension tester was developed to measure the surface tension of Zn, Zn Al and Zn Al Re zinc baths at 430-520 ℃. The effects of temperature, aluminum element, and rare earth element on the surface tension of the zinc baths were studied. The results show that the surface tension of the pure zinc bath is 0. 744-0. 782 N·m^-1 in the range of 430-520 ℃, which decreases with the increase of temperature. Compared with the surface tension of the pure zinc bath under vacuum environment, the value measured in this experiment is slightly smaller. Within the range of 430-520 ℃,aluminum with a mass fraction of 0. 05%-0. 5% is added to the pure zinc bath, resulting in a decrease of 1. 66%-36. 07% in surface tension compared to the pure zinc bath. At the same temperature, as the aluminum content increases, the surface tension of the zinc baths decreases. In the range of 430-520 ℃, rare earth elements（Re） with mass fractions of 0. 2% and 0. 3% are added to the zinc bath containing 0. 2% aluminum, resulting in a further reduction of surface tension by 12. 81%-16. 11%. At the same temperature, as the rare earth content increases, the surface tension of the zinc alloy baths decreases. Under the same mass fraction of elements added to the zinc baths and at the same temperature, compared with rare earth, aluminum can reduce the surface tension of the zinc bath more.更多还原