【摘要】 选用无毒环保的柠檬酸与纳米TiO₂颗粒作为组合促进剂添加到磷化液中，在45^#钢表面制备磷化膜，并研究组合促进剂对磷化膜的形貌特征、物相结构、厚度、润湿性以及耐蚀性的影响。结果表明：柠檬酸与纳米TiO₂颗粒作为组合促进剂制备的磷化膜完全覆盖基体，其厚度达到17.2μm，并且表面呈疏水性。该磷化膜的致密性好于不添加促进剂制备的磷化膜以及仅添加柠檬酸或纳米TiO₂颗粒制备的磷化膜，并且表现出良好的耐蚀性，其腐蚀电流密度仅为1.85×10^-6 A/cm²，耐硫酸铜腐蚀时间达到105 s。柠檬酸与纳米TiO₂颗粒作为组合促进剂既能增加基体上成核点位使磷酸盐晶体形成速度加快，又能减少结晶缺陷，促进形成较厚且致密的磷化膜，能有效阻隔腐蚀介质并延缓腐蚀发展，因而具有良好的耐蚀性和防护效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 A phosphating film was prepared on 45^# steel in the phosphating solution containing non-toxic citric acid and nano-TiO₂ particles as composite accelerator, and the effect of composite accelerator on the morphological characteristics, phase structure, thickness, wettability and corrosion resistance of the phosphating film was studied. The results show that the phosphating film prepared with composite accelerator completely covers the substrate, with a thickness of 17.2 μm and exhibits hydrophobicity. The phosphating film displays superior compactness compared to those prepared without accelerator or with citric acid/nano-TiO₂ particles alone. Furthermore, it exhibits excellent corrosion resistance, with a corrosion current density as low as 1.85×10^-6 A/cm2 and a copper sulfate corrosion resistance time reaching 105 s. The combined use of citric acid and nano-TiO₂ particles as composite accelerator enhances nucleation sites on the substrate, accelerating the formation of phosphate crystals while reducing crystalline defects. This promotes the development of a thicker and denser phosphating film, effectively blocking corrosive media and delaying corrosion progression. Consequently, the phosphating film achieves exceptional corrosion resistance and protective performance.更多还原