【摘要】 目的 分析1990—2021年中国与全球育龄女性甲状腺癌的疾病负担情况及变化趋势，以期为我国甲状腺癌科学防控提供数据参考。方法 从全球疾病负担研究(GBD)2021数据库中收集中国与全球15～49岁女性的甲状腺癌发病、死亡、患病及伤残调整寿命年(DALY)等数据，采用年度变化百分比(APC)与年均年度变化百分比(AAPC)评价疾病负担变化趋势。结果 2021年中国育龄女性甲状腺癌发病率为3.14/10万(95%CI:2.26～4.89),患病率为28.66/10万(95%CI:20.62～44.65),死亡率为0.08/10万(95%CI:0.06～0.12),DALY率为5.50/10万(95%CI:3.77～8.52),四者标化率均低于全球。年龄分布上，中国发病率与死亡率峰值集中于40～44岁组，呈现“先升后降”特征；全球则随年龄增长持续上升，45～49岁组达峰值。1990—2021年，中国和全球育龄女性甲状腺癌发病率和患病率均处于增长期，中国标化发病率和标化患病率年均分别增长1.83%(95%CI:1.59～2.08)和1.92%(95%CI:1.67～2.16),均高于全球。中国标化死亡率年均下降2.48%(95%CI:-2.68～-2.29),显著快于全球(AAPC=-0.28,95%CI:-0.36～-0.21);标化DALY率年均下降1.74%(95%CI:-1.92～-1.56),而全球趋势无明显变化(AAPC=-0.01,95%CI:-0.09～0.06,P>0.05)。结论 中国育龄女性甲状腺癌发病及患病增速高于全球，但死亡和DALY负担显著低于全球且持续下降。需重点关注35～49岁人群，尤其是40～44岁高发年龄段，应加强防控。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective The disease burden and trend of thyroid cancer in women of childbearing age(aged 15-49 years) in China and the world from 1990 to 2021 were analyzed, so as to provide data references for the scientific prevention and control of thyroid cancer in China.Methods Data such as the incidence, prevalence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years(DALY)of thyroid cancer among women aged 15-49 in China and globally were collected from the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)2021 Study Database.The trends of the disease burden was evaluated using the annual percentage change(APC).Results In 2021,the incidence of thyroid cancer in women of childbearing age in China was 3.14 per 100 000(95%CI:2.26-4.89),the prevalence rate was 28.66 per 100 000(95%CI:20.62-44.65),the mortality rate was 0.08 per 100 000(95%CI:0.06-0.12),and the DALY rate was 5.50 per 100 000(95%CI:3.77-8.52).The standardized rates of the above four were all lower than the global average.In terms of age distribution, the peak incidence and mortality rates in China were concentrated in the 40-44 age group, showing the characteristics of “first rising and then decreasing”.Globally, it continued to rise with age, peaking in the 45-49 age group.From 1990 to 2021,the incidence and prevalence of thyroid cancer among women of childbearing age in China and globally were in an increasing period.The standardized incidence and prevalence in China increased by an average of 1.83%(95%CI:1.59-2.08) and 1.92%(95%CI:1.67-2.16) respectively on average each year, both higher than the global average.The standardized mortality rate in China decreased by an average of 2.48% annually(95%CI:-2.68--2.29),which was significantly faster than that globally(AAPC=-0.28,95%CI:-0.36--0.21).The standardized DALY rate decreased by an average of 1.74% annually(95%CI:-1.92--1.56),while there was no significant change in the global trend(AAPC=-0.01,95%CI:-0.09-0.06,P>0.05).Conclusion The incidence and prevalence of thyroid cancer in women of childbearing age in China are higher than those in the world, but the burden of mortality and DALY is significantly lower than that in the world and continues to decline.It is necessary to focus on the population aged 35-49 years, especially the high-incidence age group of 40-44 years old, Therefore, prevention and control measures should be strengthened.更多还原