【摘要】 为研究不同地区的松球壳孢菌株（Sphaeropsis sapinea（Fr.） Pyk et sutton）H6和B2的生物学特性及致病力差异，以形态不同的松球壳孢菌为试验材料，通过致病性测定、生物学特性、生理指标测定、对常见农药敏感性试验进行研究。结果表明：病原菌H6和B2侵染樟子松幼苗后，3 d后均开始发病，但菌株B2发病率和致死率显著高于H6;松球壳孢菌H6和B2最适生长条件存在差异，松球壳孢菌H6最适碳源为麦芽糖，最适氮源为蛋白胨，最适光照条件为24 h全光照，最适pH为7,最适培养温度为25℃;菌株B2最适碳源为蔗糖，最适氮源为酵母粉，最适光照条件为24 h全光照，最适pH为8,最适培养温度为30℃。两株病原菌在H₂O₂胁迫时，除超氧化物歧化酶活性表现平稳外，过氧化物酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性、多酚氧化酶活性、丙二醛活性均呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势，且B2对H₂O₂反应更为激烈。菌株H6和B2对百菌清敏感性均下降，但菌株H6较菌株B2更为敏感；菌株H6对戊唑醇敏感性下降，菌株B2对戊唑醇较敏感。两株松球壳孢菌在生理特性方面存在差异，最适生长条件不同，并且生长速度存在差异；两株病原菌对农药敏感性不同，且致病力存在差异，经H₂O₂胁迫处理后，菌株B2酶活反应更为明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the biological characteristics and pathogenicity differences of Sphaeropsis sapinea（Fr.） Pyk et sutton strains H6 and B2 from different regions, S. sapinea with varying morphology was used as the experimental material. Studies were conducted on pathogenicity assessment, biological characteristics, physiological indicators, and sensitivity to common pesticides. The results showed that after inoculation of Pinus sylvestris seedlings with pathogenic strains H6 and B2, symptoms of the disease began to appear on day 3, with strain B2 exhibiting significantly higher infection and mortality rates compared to strain H6. Differences in optimal growth conditions were noted between strains H6 and B2 of S. sapinea: strain H6 favored maltose as the optimal carbon source, peptone as the optimal nitrogen source, continuous 24-hour light as the ideal light condition, a pH of 7, and a culture temperature of 25 ℃. In contrast, strain B2 preferred sucrose as the optimal carbon source, yeast extract as the optimal nitrogen source, continuous 24-hour light, a pH of 8, and a culture temperature of 30 ℃. Under H₂O₂ stress, the activity of superoxide dismutase remained stable for both strains, while the activities of peroxidase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase, and malondialdehyde exhibited an initial increase followed by a decrease. Furthermore, strain B2 demonstrated a more vigorous response to H₂O₂ stress. Both strains showed decreased sensitivity to chlorothalonil. However, strain H6 was more sensitive than strain B2. Strain H6 exhibited reduced sensitivity to tebuconazole, while strain B2 displayed a higher sensitivity to tebuconazole. Overall, the two strains of S. sapinea exhibited differences in physiological characteristics, optimal growth conditions, growth rates, pesticide sensitivity, and pathogenicity, with strain B2 displaying more pronounced enzymatic activity responses following H₂O₂ stress treatment.更多还原