【摘要】 为提高北斗/GNSS导航与位置服务、大地测量与摄影测量学等应用领域模型转换精度和模型的普适性，先从理论推导、数值计算定量给出了三维基准坐标转换中参数相关性及参数相关对坐标转换结果的影响。针对模型病态和参数估计等问题，对三维基准转换模型进行了优化，采用去相关和参数整体估计的策略，提高了坐标转换的稳健性，弥补了传统模型的不足。并通过大量模拟试验与实际算例给予了证实。结果表明，平移参数与旋转参数及尺度变换参数均高度相关，即使存在微小测量误差(如毫米级)也将会对坐标转换参数估值带来较大的变化(米级)。传统模型尽管在计算转换参数所用的公共点范围内，坐标转换结果可用，但超出公共点范围的坐标转换结果极不稳定，且随着外推范围的增大，坐标转换误差呈线性迅速递增。模型优化后结果稳健，有效解决参数高相关性和大旋转角的基准转换问题，提高了外推坐标转换结果的精度与可靠性，尤其在少量公共点或小区域范围情况下优势更加明显，具有重要的工程应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Applications of Beidou/GNSS navigation and location services, geodesy and photogrammetry often involve the conversion of different coordinate datum. In order to improve the accuracy and universality of the model transformation, the parameter correlation and the effect of parameter correlation on the result of coordinate transformation in 3D reference coordinate transformation are given quantitatively from theoretical derivation and numerical calculation. Aiming at the problems of model pathology and parameter estimation, the 3D reference transformation model is optimized, and the strategies of de-correlation and parameter global estimation are adopted to improve the robustness of coordinate transformation and make up for the shortcomings of the traditional model. It is proved by a large number of simulation tests and practical examples. The results show that the translation parameters are highly correlated with the rotation parameters and the scale transformation parameters, and even a small measurement error(mm level) will bring a large change to the estimation of the coordinate transformation parameters(m level). In the traditional model, although the coordinate transformation results are available within the range of common points used to calculate the transformation parameters, the coordinate transformation results beyond the range of common points are extremely unstable, and the coordinate transformation errors increase linearly with the increase of the extrapolation range. The results of the optimized model are robust, which effectively solves the reference conversion problem with high parameter correlation and large rotation Angle, and improves the accuracy and reliability of the extrapolated coordinate conversion results, especially in the case of a small number of common points or small areas, and has important engineering application value.更多还原