【摘要】 随着癌症发病率的持续升高，开发新型抗肿瘤药物已成为科研领域的关键方向。血根碱(sanguinarine)，一种来源于传统中药如白屈菜(Chelidonium majus L.)、博落回[Macleaya cordata(Willd.)R.Br]、血水草(Eomecon chionantha Hance)和美洲传统草药血根草(Sanguinaria canadensis L.)等植物的天然生物碱，由于其在抗肿瘤研究中所展现的显著活性，已广受学术界关注。本综述文章旨在梳理血根碱在癌症治疗领域内的研究进展，尤其聚焦其抑制肿瘤增殖、侵袭与转移，并促进肿瘤细胞凋亡的作用机制。研究显示，血根碱通过作用于多条信号传导途径及多种分子靶点，包括Bcl-2、MAPKs、Akt、NF-κB、ROS及微小RNA等，从而发挥其抑制肿瘤的效用。此外，文章还探讨了血根碱针对乳腺癌、肺癌、肝癌及结直肠癌等多种癌症类型的应用研究。据此，开发新的给药策略以提升血根碱的临床应用潜力，成为当前研究的重要课题。未来研究需进一步深化对血根碱抗肿瘤机制的理解，并通过临床前研究及早期临床试验验证其治疗效果与安全性，以期为癌症治疗开辟新路径。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous rise in cancer incidence,the development of novel anticancer agents has emerged as a pivotal direction in scientific research.Sanguinarine,a natural alkaloid derived from traditional medicinal plants such as Chelidonium majus L.,Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R.Br,Eomecon chionantha Hance,and the North American herb Sanguinaria canadensis L.,has attracted much attention due to its significant anticancer activity.This paper reviewed the research progress of sanguinarine in cancer treatment,and focused on its mechanisms in inhibiting tumor proliferation,invasion,and metastasis,as well as in promoting tumor cell apoptosis.Studies have demonstrated that sanguinarine exerts its tumoricidal effects by targeting multiple signaling pathways and molecules,including Bcl-2,MAPKs,Akt,NF-κB,ROS,and microRNAs.Additionally,this article summarized the research on sanguinarine against various cancers,such as breast cancer,lung cancer,liver cancer,and colorectal cancer.Consequently,developing new drug delivery strategies to enhance the clinical application potential of sanguinarine becomes an important research topic.Future studies should better understand the anticancer mechanisms of sanguinarine and validate its therapeutic efficacy and safety through preclinical studies and early clinical trials,to pave new pathways for cancer treatment.更多还原