【摘要】 路基填料的压实质量是运营期车辆在循环荷载下安全运营的重要保障，而压路机的自重与激发振动波的协同效应则是实现填料有效压实的核心要素。因此，揭示碾压过程中振动波的三维振动场分布规律对于提高压实质量具有决定性意义。通过建立振动压路机-填料耦合有限元数值仿真模型，揭示振动波在路基中三维方向传播规律，构建铁路路基振动场理论分布方程；依据振动压实现场测试，建立振动碾压过程中现场振动分布方程并确定有效压实范围。结果表明：振动碾压过程中振动波加速度在路基填料中呈指数形衰减规律，三维振动场呈“椭球状”分布规律；明确现场实测条件下路基填料纵波波速、横波波速与加速度衰减系数等关键参数，并以路基填料垂向加速度衰减86%为有效压实范围阈值，构建路基填料有效压实范围的分布方程。研究结果可为振动碾压过程中振动波在铁路路基填料三维振动场分布理论提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The compaction quality of railway roadbed fill ensures safe operations under cyclic vehicle loading during the operational phase, while the synergistic effect between the self-weight of the roller and the excitation vibration wave is pivotal in achieving effective fill compaction. Therefore, it is of decisive significance to elucidate the three-dimensional vibration field distribution laws of the vibration wave during the rolling process for improving the compaction quality. By establishing a vibratory roller-filler coupling finite element numerical simulation model, the vibration wave propagation laws in three dimensions in the subgrade is revealed, and the theoretical distribution equation of the vibration field of the railroad subgrade is constructed. According to the subsequent vibratory compaction field test, this paper establishes the distribution equation of the field vibration in the vibratory milling process and determines the effective compaction range. The results show that the vibration wave acceleration amplitude during vibratory crushing and compaction shows an exponential decay within the subgrade fill, and the three-dimensional vibration field shows an ellipsoidal distribution; the key parameters such as longitudinal wave speed, transverse wave speed and acceleration amplitude attenuation coefficient of the subgrade fill under the field measurement conditions are clarified, and the distribution equation of the effective compaction range of the subgrade fill is formulated by taking 86% attenuation of the vertical acceleration amplitude of the roadbed fill as the threshold for effective compaction range. The results of the study provide a theoretical foundation for understanding vibration wave distributions in the three-dimensional vibration field of railroad subgrade fill during vibratory crushing and compaction.更多还原