【摘要】 超声波电机接触摩擦是影响电机性能的关键环节，建立超声波电机的接触模型对电机性能优化具有重要作用。现有对驻波型超声波电机接触问题的研究，大多采用解析法，需要采用较多的简化假设，难以准确反映电机实际结构及真实接触情况。针对这一问题，采用有限元法，对驻波型直线超声波电机接触特性进行建模和分析。首先，考虑定子复合结构，建立定子三维有限元模型，分析定子在外加电压作用下的振动响应，得到定子振动位移表达式。在此基础上，考虑定子与动子的结构和接触特点，建立定、动子接触三维有限元模型。基于所建立的模型，分析了定、动子的接触状态、接触压力分布，并研究了驱动电压大小和预压力变化对接触特性和电机性能的影响。最后，搭建试验测试平台，测量了电机的输出特性，并与理论计算值进行对比，对比结果验证了所建立的定、动子三维有限元接触模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 The contact and friction of ultrasonic motors is a critical factor affecting motor performance. Contact modeling of ultrasonic motors plays an important role in optimizing motor performance. Analytical methods are widely adopted in existing researches on contact problems of standing wave ultrasonic motors, which require many assumptions and are difficult to reflect actual motor structure and contact state accurately. The focus of this study is to model and analyze the contact characteristics of a standing wave linear ultrasonic motor using a finite element method. Firstly, by considering the composite structure of the stator, a three-dimensional finite element model of the stator was established. The vibration response of the stator under applied voltage was simulated, and the solution of the stator displacement was obtained. Subsequently, a three-dimensional finite element model of contact between the stator and slider was proposed taking the structures and contact features of the stator and slider into account. The contact state and the contact pressure between the stator and slider were analyzed based on the proposed model. The influences of drive voltage and preload force on the contact characteristics and motor performances were also investigated. Finally, an experiment platform was built to measure the output performances of the motor. The measured values were compared with the calculated values. The comparison results validate the proposed three-dimensional finite element contact model.更多还原