【摘要】 在城市化的进程中，农民因进城务工成为农民工，而他们也面临着经济条件、社会地位与价值观念等多方面的转变，那如何在城市完成身份认同与主体建构，则成为值得探究的命题。贾平凹的新作《河山传》就以洗河到西安打工为线索，生动展示了四十多年来农民工的生存变迁与精神诉求的演变。作家先是简要书写了80年代第一代农民工洗腾空即洗河爹的致富诉求与情感寄托，可他终究是难以保障其安全的体力劳动者。90年代以后就进入市场化语境与创业时代，洗河改变了父辈命运靠计谋求生存，但觉醒了人性后也在物欲中不断挣扎。新世纪以来随着城乡一体化的发展需求，他就由边缘暂居的状况向城市新移民转变。贾平凹脱离了简单的启蒙视角与苦难叙事，基于民间立场尽力挖掘不同时代农民工的主体意识。除了关注仍有的生存难题，他还塑造了完成阶层跃升的新时代农民工形象，为城乡融合提供参考路径与值得深思之处。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the process of urbanization, farmers have become migrant workers by moving to find work in cities, and they are also faced with various changes in economic conditions, social status, values and so on. Therefore, it becomes a proposition worth exploring how to complete the identity identification of and the subject construction in cities. Taking Xi He’s work in Xi’an as a clue, Jia Pingwa’s novel Tales of Xi He and Luo Shan vividly demonstrates the changes in the survival of migrant workers and the evolution of their spiritual appeal over the past 40 years. The author has written briefly about the wealth claims and emotional attachments of the first generation of migrant workers in the 1980s, such as Xi Tengkong, the father of Xi He. But, after all, he is ultimately a manual laborer, unable to guarantee his own safety. After the 1990s, it entered the market-oriented context and the entrepreneur era. Even though Xi He changed the same fate as his parents and survived through scheming, he also struggled with materialistic desires after his human awakening. As the development needs of urban-rural integration has grown in demand since the start of the new century, he has gone from being a marginalized temporary resident to a new immigrant in the city. Away from the simple enlightenment perspective and suffering narrative, Jia Pingwa tries his best to explore the subjective consciousness of migrant workers in different times based on the folk point of view. In addition to paying more attention to existing issues of survival, he has also shaped the image of migrant workers in the new era who have completed the leap in social class, so as to provide reference path and something worth pondering for urban-rural integration.更多还原