【摘要】 【目的】分析不同干旱胁迫处理下，野生山杏和人工栽培山杏品种根茎叶解剖结构的变化，为筛选出耐旱性强的优良杏品种提供依据。【方法】以1年生人工栽培山杏与野生山杏实生苗为材料，采用聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)人工模拟干旱，并用光学显微镜观察其根茎叶的解剖结构。【结果】随着干旱胁迫的增加，野生山杏和人工栽培杏茎髓直径均呈下降趋势，且结构紧密、发达，而木质部厚度则呈上升趋势。其中，野生山杏品种茎的木质部厚度大于人工栽培山杏品种，髓直径小于人工栽培山杏品种，野生山杏髓发达程度高于人工栽培山杏品种。随着干旱胁迫的增强，叶片上表皮、下表皮、栅栏组织、海绵组织厚度显著减小，角质层厚度显著增加。其中，野生山杏品种角质层、栅栏组织、海绵组织厚度大于人工栽培山杏，叶片上表皮、下表皮小于人工栽培山杏品种。野生山杏品种的对干旱胁迫的适应能力综合得分高于人工栽培山杏。【结论】杏根茎叶结构适应特征的变化均与干旱胁迫相关，植株根据水分亏缺程度调整根茎叶结构以维持生存和生长，干旱胁迫下野生山杏品种较人工栽培山杏具有较强的适应性。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 To treat the wild apricot varieties and cultivated varieties by simulating different degrees of drought stress, in order to provide a basis for screening out the excellent varieties with strong drought tolerance.【Methods】 One-year-old artificially cultivated apricot seedlings and wild cultivated apricot seedlings in southern Xinjiang were used as materials, and polyethylene glycol(PEG-6000) was used to artificially simulate drought, and the anatomical structures of roots, stems and leaves were observed by optical microscope.【Results】 The results showed that with the increase of drought stress, the diameter of stem pith of wild apricot and cultivated apricot showed a decreasing trend, and the structure was compact and developed, while the thickness of xylem showed an increasing trend. Among them, the thickness of the xylem of the stem of the wild variety was larger than that of the cultivated variety, and the diameter of the pith was smaller than that of the cultivated variety. With the increase of drought stress, the thickness of leaf upper epidermis, lower epidermis, palisade tissue and spongy tissue decreased significantly, and the thickness of cuticle increased significantly. Among them, the thickness of cuticle, palisade tissue and spongy tissue of wild varieties were larger than those of cultivated varieties, and the upper and lower epidermis of leaves were smaller than those of cultivated varieties. And through the principal component analysis, it was concluded that the comprehensive score of the wild variety’s adaptability to drought stress was higher than that of the artificial cultivated variety.【Conclusion】 The changes of apricot root, stem and leaf structure are the adaptive characteristics of apricot to cope with drought stress. The plant adjusts the root, stem and leaf structure according to the degrees of water deficit to maintain survival and growth. The wild varieties have strong adaptability to drought stress than the cultivated varieties更多还原