【摘要】 西藏是国家重要的生态安全屏障，准确估算西藏生态系统服务价值，对生态系统的重要性认识、生态安全保障具有重要意义。采用当量因子法，结合西藏生态系统面积数据和主要粮食作物数据来估算生态系统服务价值。结果表明：（1）西藏不同类型生态系统服务总价值为43 202.57×10~8元。草地的价值最高，为16 508.80×10~8元，占总价值的38.2%，其次是林地、水域和湿地，荒漠和耕地最低，仅占总价值的1.4%；湿地的单位面积服务价值最高，为178 595.58元/hm~2，占比为43.1%。废物处理和水源涵养的价值和单位面积服务价值均最高，占比分别为41.3%和55.7%，食物生产最低，占比分别为1.9%和1.2%。（2）林地生态系统中原材料的价值最高，为1 325.15×10~8元，价值贡献比例为91.3%。（3）由于不同类型生态系统服务总价值的增长受其分布面积和单价的影响，因此将草地和荒漠定义为“面积增长型”，耕地、湿地和水域定义为“单价增长型”，林地定义为“稳步增长型”。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tibet is an important ecological security barrier of the country, and an accurate estimation of ecosystem services value in Tibet is of great significance in recognizing the importance of ecosystem and guaranteeing ecological security. The value of ecosystem services in Tibet was estimate by using equivalent factor method in combination with the area data of ecosystem and the data of major grain crops in Tibet. The total services value of different ecosystems in Tibet is 43 202.57×10~8 yuan RMB. Grassland ecosystem has the highest value with16 508.80×10~8 yuan RMB accounting for 38.2% of the total value followed by woodland, watershed and wetland ecosystem, and desert and cropland ecosystem have the lowest value accounting for 1.4% of the total value. Wetland ecosystem has the highest value of services per unit area with 178 595.58 yuan/hm~2 accounting for 43.1%,with the highest value on the waste treatment and water conservation, and services value per unit area accounting for 41.3% and 55.7%, respectively. The value of food production and its unit area service value were the lowest accounting for 1.9% and 1.2%, respectively. The value of raw materials of woodland ecosystem was the highest with 1 325.15×10~8 yuan RMB with a value contribution ratio of 91.3%. Since the growth of the total value of different ecosystems services is affected by their extent of distribution area and unit price. Therefore, grassland and desert ecosystem are defined as "area-growing type", cropland, wetland and watershed ecosystem are defined as "unit-price-growing type", and woodland ecosystem is defined as "steady-growing type".更多还原