【摘要】 试验旨在探讨饲粮中单独和联合添加博落回提取物（Macleaya extract,MCE）、金霉素（Chlortetracycline,CC）对2～17周蛋鸡肠道健康和肠道微生物的影响，同时探讨博落回提取物的替抗作用。选取1日龄海兰褐雌性雏鸡1 440只，随机分成4个处理，分别饲喂基础饲粮（对照组）、基础饲粮+500 mg/kg博落回提取物（MCE组）、基础饲粮+50 mg/kg金霉素（CC组）、基础饲粮+500 mg/kg博落回提取物+50 mg/kg金霉素（联合组）。试验共17周。结果表明：与对照组相比，MCE组6周小肠综合评分显著降低（P<0.05）；联合组6周小肠综合评分、17周十二指肠评分和回肠评分显著降低（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，MCE组Simpson指数、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）相对丰度显著提高（P<0.05），理研菌科（Rikenellaceae）相对丰度显著降低（P<0.05）;CC组Chao1指数和理研菌科相对丰度显著降低（P<0.05）,Simpson指数和普雷沃氏菌科（Prevotellaceae）相对丰度显著提高（P<0.05）；联合组Simpson指数显著提高（P<0.05）。3个试验组相比，MCE组和联合组的ACE指数、Chao1指数显著高于CC组（P<0.05），联合组相比CC组普雷沃氏菌科相对丰度显著降低（P<0.05）。由此可见，MCE可以降低小肠评分，改善盲肠微生物区系结构，有益于维系肠道健康和菌群平衡，其作用效果明显优于CC。更多还原

【Abstract】 The objective aims to investigate the effects of individual and combined supplementation of Macleaya extract and chlortetracycline in the diet on intestinal health and gut microbiota of 2-17 weeks laying hens,and to explore the anti infective effect of Macleaya extract.A total of 1 440 1-day old Hailan brown female chicks were selected and randomly divided into four treatments,with12 replicates per treatment and 30 chickens per replicate.Four groups of chickens were fed with basic diet,basic diet+500 mg/kg Macleaya extract,basic diet+50 mg/kg chloramphenicol,and basic diet+500 mg/kg Macleaya extract+50 mg/kg chloramphenicol.The experiment lasted for a total of 17 weeks,with basic feed being fed for 1-7 days.Starting from the 8th day,feeding of chick rearing period feed was carried out.Starting from the seventh and 13th weeks,feeding of early and late stage feed was carried out,respectively.The results indicate that:compared with the control group,the MCE group showed a decrease in the comprehensive small intestine score at six weeks(P<0.05);the combined group showed a decrease in the comprehensive small intestine score at six weeks and the duodenal and ileal scores at 17 weeks(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the Simpson index and relative abundance of Firmicutes in the MCE group increased(P<0.05),while the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae decreased(P<0.05);the Chaol index and relative abundance of Rikenellaceae in the CC group decreased,while the Simpson index and relative abundance of Prevotellaceae increased(P<0.05);the combination group showed an increase in Simpson’s index(P<0.05).Compared with the three experimental groups,the ACE index and Chaol index of the MCE group and the combination group were significantly higher than those of the CC group(P<0.05),while the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae in the combination group was significantly lower than that in the CC group(P<0.05).From this,it can be seen that MCE can reduce small intestine score,improve the microbiota structure of the cecum,and be beneficial for maintaining intestinal health and microbial balance.Its effect is significantly better than CC.更多还原