【摘要】 入侵物种空间分布建模是深化对生物入侵理解、预测和管理的关键，为有效应对这一挑战提供科学基础。在此过程中，提供可靠的虚拟负样本成为入侵物种空间分布建模的核心内容之一。基于长江经济带内124个加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis L.)入侵样本和11个气候变量数据集，采用余弦相似度计算候选负样本与入侵物种的关联，结合Getis-Ord Gi*统计方法生成z-得分变量衡量空间相关性。构建了顾及气候相似性和空间相关性的入侵物种虚拟负样本识别框架，揭示了入侵物种的潜在适生区。研究结果表明：(1)相比于先前研究，该研究的虚拟负样本生成方法在模型预测上表现更卓越，验证了其可行性和有效性。(2)考虑气候和空间的虚拟负样本抽样策略有助于解决随机采样导致的潜在入侵点被误采样的难题，并能识别不同等级的入侵物种适生区。(3)除了四川省西北部，长江经济带大多数地区都适合加拿大一枝黄花的生长，尤其是上海、江苏、浙江、安徽等省市，因此需要重点关注，采取联防联控措施，并积极分享防治经验。更多还原

【Abstract】 Spatial distribution modelling of invasive species is crucial for deepening the understanding, predicting, and managing of biological invasions, in order to provide a scientific foundation to effectively address this challenge.In doing so, providing reliable pseudo-absence species(negative samples) is one of the core components of spatial distribution modelling of invasive species.Based on 124 invasive samples of Canada goldenrod(Solidago canadensis L.) and 11 climate variable datasets within the Yangtze River Economic Belt, this study employed cosine similarity to calculate the association between candidate negative samples and invasive species.The Getis-Ord Gi* statistical method was integrated to generate z-score variables for measuring spatial autocorrelation.A framework for identifying pseudo-absence samples of invasive species, by considering climate similarity and spatial correlation, was constructed to reveal potential suitable areas for invasive species.The results indicated that:(1) Compared to previous studies, the pseudo-absence samples generation method presented in this study demonstrated a superior performance in model prediction, feasibility and effectiveness.(2) The pseudo-absence sample sampling strategy helped address the challenge of potential invasive points that might be mis-sampled due to random sampling.This sampling strategy was able to identify suitable areas for invasive species of different levels.(3) Apart from the northwest part of Sichuan Province, most areas within the Yangtze River Economic Belt were suitable for the growth of Canada goldenrod, especially in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui.Therefore, it was necessary to pay focused attention, and to actively share experiences of joint prevention and control measures.更多还原