【摘要】 目的 了解杭州市西湖区中小学生抑郁症状发生情况及影响因素，为防治中小学生抑郁提供依据。方法 于2021年9—11月，采用分层整群随机抽样方法，抽取西湖区2所小学、2所初中、2所普通高中和1所职业高中的学生为调查对象，通过问卷调查收集人口学信息、饮食、运动、睡眠和校园欺凌情况，采用中文版流调中心抑郁量表评估抑郁症状；采用多因素logistic回归模型分析中小学生抑郁症状的影响因素。结果 调查1 518人，其中男生805人，占53.03%；小学、初中、普通高中和职业高中学生分别占34.12%、23.91%、30.50%和11.46%。检出有抑郁症状学生590例，检出率为38.87%；小学、初中、普通高中和职业高中学生抑郁症状检出率分别为36.10%、42.42%、42.33%和30.46%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，女生（OR=1.601,95%CI:1.289～1.989）、学校类型（初中，OR=1.299,95%CI:0.974～1.734；普通高中，OR=1.351,95%CI:1.025～1.780；职业高中，OR=0.862,95%CI:0.585～1.272）、新鲜蔬菜摄入频率（<1次/d,OR=0.454,95%CI:0.304～0.679；≥1次/d,OR=0.359,95%CI:0.235～0.548）、上网时长（0.5～1 h/d,OR=1.447,95%CI:1.044～2.006；≥1 h/d,OR=1.456,95%CI:1.072～1.978）、睡眠充足（OR=0.525,95%CI:0.371～0.744）、受到校园欺凌（OR=1.992,95%CI:1.491～2.661）与中小学生抑郁症状有统计学关联。结论 西湖区中小学生抑郁症状检出率较高，性别、学校类型、饮食行为、睡眠时间和校园欺凌经历是影响因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of depressive symptoms among primary and middle school students in Xihu District, Hangzhou City, so as to provide insights into depression control among primary and middle school students.MethodsStudents were sampled from two primary schools, two junior high schools, two ordinary high schools and one vocational high school in Xihu District using a stratified cluster random sampling method from September to November, 2021. Participants’ demographics, diet, exercise, sleep and campus bullying were collected using questionnaire surveys. The depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Chinese version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale(CES-D), and factors affecting the depressive symptoms were identified among primary and middle school students using a multivariable logistic regression model.ResultsA total of 1 518 students were investigated, including 518 primary school students(34.12%), 363 junior high school students(23.91%), 463 ordinary high school students(30.50%) and 174 vocational high school students(11.46%). Of all participants, there were 805males(53.03%). The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 38.87% among the participants, and was 36.10%, 42.42%,42.33% and 30.46% among primary school, junior high school, ordinary high school and vocational high school students, respectively. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender(OR=1.601, 95%CI: 1.289-1.989),type of school(junior high school, OR=1.299, 95%CI: 0.974-1.734; ordinary high school, OR=1.351, 95%CI: 1.025-1.780; vocational high school, OR=0.862, 95%CI: 0.585-1.272), frequency of fresh vegetable intake(less than once daily, OR=0.454, 95%CI: 0.304-0.679; once and more daily, OR=0.359, 95%CI: 0.235-0.548), duration spent on the internet(0.5 to 1 h daily, OR=1.447, 95%CI: 1.044-2.006; 1 h and longer daily, OR=1.456, 95%CI: 1.072-1.978), sufficient sleep(OR=0.525, 95%CI: 0.371-0.744), suffering from campus bullying(OR=1.992, 95%CI: 1.491-2.661) were associated with the development of depressive symptoms.Conclusions among primary and middle school students in Xihu District. Gender, type of school, dietary behaviors, sleep duration and campus bullying are factors affecting the development of depressive symptoms.更多还原