【摘要】 作物秸秆含有丰富的养分，具有较高的利用价值。秸秆还田作为秸秆资源化利用中高效且低成本的一种方式，在提升土壤质量和促进农业可持续发展方面发挥着重要作用。本文重点综述了秸秆还田对土壤温湿度、土壤理化性质、土壤酶活性、作物根系、作物地上部等的影响，分析了秸秆还田的影响机制，指出了秸秆还田后对作物生长产生的负面影响。在此基础上指明了未来的一些重点研究方向，如建立秸秆还田最优模型、加强秸秆还田的障碍消减研究、开发稻麦秸秆还田新型一次性施用专用肥。更多还原

【Abstract】 Crop straw is rich in nutrients and has high utilization value. As an efficient and low-cost way to utilize straw resources, straw returning plays a crucial role in maintaining soil fertility cycle and sustainable agricultural development. In this paper, the effects of straw returning on soil temperature and humidity, soil physical and chemical properties, soil enzyme activity, crop root system and crop above ground were reviewed,the mechanism of the effects of straw returning was analyzed, and the negative effects of straw returning on crop growth pointed out. Based on this, some key research directions in the future were put forward, such as establishing an optimization model for straw returning, strengthening the research on reducing obstacles of straw returning, and developing new disposable special fertilizers for rice and wheat straw returning.更多还原