【摘要】 目的 了解某教学医院临床血标本病原菌分布及其耐药性趋势。方法 通过回顾性调查方法，对某教学医院临床送检血标本检验和药敏试验结果进行分析。结果 某医院临床共送检血标本26 305份，检出病原菌1 568株，检出率为5.96%。分离的病原菌中，以大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、屎肠球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌分居前4位。大肠埃希菌对头孢噻肟和头孢呋辛耐药率均>75%;肺炎克雷伯菌对β内酰胺类抗菌药物的耐药率均超过60%,对碳青酶希类抗菌药物的耐药率也达40%左右；金黄色葡萄球菌对大环内脂类的耐药均>60%。结论 该医院临床血标本病原菌检出率较高，大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌是血流感染主要病原菌，需加强血流感染病原菌耐药监测和临床抗菌药物应用管理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance trend of pathogenic bacteria from clinical blood samples in a teaching hospital.Methods Through retrospective investigation, the results of blood sample tests and drug susceptibility tests were analyzed in a teaching hospital.Results A total of 26 305 blood samples were submitted for clinical examination in a hospital, and 1 568 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, with a detection rate of 5.96%.Among the isolated pathogens, Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Enterococcus faecium and Staphylococcus aureus were the top four.The resistance rates of Escherichia coli to cefotaxime and cefuroxime were all >75%.The resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to β-lactam antibiotics was >60%;the resistance rate to carbapenems antibiotics was also about 40%.The drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to macrolides was >60%.Conclusion The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in clinical blood samples in this hospital is relatively high.Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the main pathogens of bloodstream infection, and it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in bloodstream infection and the management of clinical antimicrobial application.更多还原