【摘要】 研究了均苯四甲酸二酐（PMDA）添加量、发泡温度和压力降对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）开孔泡沫形成的影响。研究发现，当发泡温度为216℃，PMDA添加量为0.6份，压力降较高时，可以制备发泡倍率35倍、开孔率96.3%的PET开孔泡沫。将聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）和有机改性蒙脱土（MMT）引入PET开孔泡沫的制备，研究发现PTFE和MMT具有异相成核作用，减小了泡孔尺寸，拓宽了PET开孔发泡窗口温度，在（222～228℃）较宽的发泡温度窗口范围内成功制备了泡孔尺寸更小（10～100μm）、发泡倍率高达40倍的PET开孔泡沫。开孔泡沫可吸收汽油、柴油、煤油、轻质原油和重质原油等各种石油产品，本文对高开孔率开孔泡沫的吸油性能进行了研究，其吸收能力约为8～30 g/g。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of pyromellitic dianhydride(PMDA) dosage, foaming temperature, and the pressure-dropping rate on the formation of open-cell foams were investigated. The results indicated that the PET open-cell foams with a foaming rate of 35 times and an opening rate of 96. 3 % could be prepared at a foaming temperature of 216 ℃ and a PMDA dosage of 0. 6 phr together with a high pressure-dropping rate. Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) and organic modified montmorillonite(MMT) were introduced into the PET open-cell foams during the preparation process. PTFE and MMT presented a heterogeneous nucleation effect to reduce the size of the cell and widen the foaming window temperature of PET open-cell foams. The PET open-cell foam with a smaller cell size(10～100 μm) and an almost foaming rate of 40 times was successfully fabricated within a wider foaming temperature window of 222～228 ℃. The open-cell foam could absorb various petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, light crude oil and heavy crude oil. The oil absorption behavior of the open cell foams with a high open-cell rate was investigated. The open cell foams exhibited a good absorption capacity along with a high open-cell rate of around 8～30 g/g.更多还原