【摘要】 拔尖科技人才是人才资源中最具创造力但又最为稀缺的顶尖部分，是推动实现高水平科技自立自强并引领人才强国战略深入实施的“领头雁”。我国拔尖科技人才培养从中国科学技术大学“少年班”到当今的“强基计划”，40余年间培养了一大批杰出的拔尖科技人才。在拔尖科技人才培养和成长中表现出一些发展失衡和偏差问题，这些问题日益引起教育界和科技界的强烈关注。为此，本文在厘清拔尖科技人才发展问题和动因的基础上，从理论上探讨和揭示拔尖科技人才发展的五大内驱引擎，进一步提出促进拔尖科技人才持续发展的路径举措。更多还原

【Abstract】 Top science and technology talents are the most creative but scarce part of human resources, and they are the “leading geese” to promote sci-tech self-reliance and self-strengthening at higher levels and to lead the in-depth implementation of the strategy for developing a quality workforce. From the School of Gifted Young at the University of Science and Technology of China to the current Plan for Strengthening Basic Academic Disciplines, numerous outstanding top-notch science and technology talents have been cultivated in more than 40 years. However, the imbalance and deviation in cultivating and growing top-notch science and technology talents have increasingly aroused vital concern in the education and science and technology sectors. In this regard, based on clarifying the problems and causes of the development of top-notch science and technology talents, we have theoretically explored and revealed the five internal mechanisms of the development of top-notch science and technology talents and further put forward the paths and initiatives for the sustainable development of top-notch science and technology talents.更多还原