【摘要】 在植物-微生物互作过程中，由病原微生物引起的病害严重影响作物的产量和品质，而植物组织中的有益内生菌则在植物促生和抗病反应中发挥着重要作用，其中，丰富多样的种子内生菌正越来越受到人们的关注和重视。研究表明，内生菌通过与宿主植物的共进化，在种子中定植并进行世代间垂直传播，与宿主植物形成互惠共生体，在植物生命过程的各个阶段发挥促生和抗病等作用。但相比于根际微生物，种子内生菌受宿主遗传和环境因素等影响的机制、参与植物促生、抗病的功能和机制等方面的研究还不够深入。本文在介绍种子内生菌的种类和传播特征等内容的基础上，对种子内生菌在植物促生、与病原菌的互作机制、种子内生菌在植物抗病中的功能和应用等方面的研究进展进行了阐述，并针对当前种子内生菌研究中可能存在的问题对将来的可能研究方向提出建议，以期为在作物改良中开发和利用种子内生菌资源提供理论参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The diseases caused by phytopathogens seriously impact crop yield and quality during the interaction between plant and microbes, whereas the beneficial endopytes in plant tissues play important roles in plant growth promotion and disease resistance, among which seed endophytes are gaining more and more attentions. Previous studies have shown that through the long-term co-evolution, endophytes are capable of colonizing seeds and being vertically transmitted between generations, to form plant-endophyte holobiont thus to benefit each other, and eventually play essential roles in growth promotion and disease resistance throughout entire life of host plant. Compared to rhizosphere microorganisms, it has not been thoroughly explored overall about the mechanism underlying the impact by host genetics and environmental conditions,as well as the function and relative mechanisms of seed endophytes in plant growth promotion and disease resistance. This paper summarized the current research progress of endophytes, focusing on the diversity and transmission of seed endophytes, as well as the mechanisms of interactions between seed endophytes and phytopathogens. Meanwhile, the functions and potential applications of seed endophytes in plant growth promotion and disease management were fully discussed. Furthermore, the article discussed several issues on current research of seed endophytes, while solutions and advices on the future directions were provided. This review provides theoretical references to explore and utilize seed endophytes for crop improvement in the future.更多还原