【摘要】 转录后修饰广泛存在于各种RNA分子中.这种化学修饰可通过调控RNA剪接、翻译、运输、定位、稳定性等多种方式发挥生物学功能.近年来,高通量测序技术及化学生物学检测等技术的快速发展使多种RNA修饰(如m~6A, m~5C, m~1A)的准确鉴定和定位问题取得突破. RNA修饰与编辑作为一类新的表观转录生物标志物,在肿瘤、神经系统疾病、免疫性疾病等多种疾病的诊断和治疗中受到广泛关注.本文主要综述了RNA修饰与编辑的生物学功能以及参与蛋白调控的分子机制,并重点回顾了其在疾病诊疗中的应用进展.更多还原

【Abstract】 Post-transcriptional chemical modifications are prevalent in various RNA molecules and play a profound role in biological functions,including the regulation of RNA splicing, translation, transport, localization, and stability. Recent advancements in high-throughput sequencing and chemical modification detection technologies have facilitated significant breakthroughs in accurately identifying and localizing different RNA modifications, such as m~6A, m~5C, and m~1A. As a novel category of epigenetic transcriptional biomarkers,RNA modifications have garnered considerable attention in the diagnosis and treatment of numerous diseases, including tumors,neurological diseases and immunological diseases. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the biological roles of RNA modification and editing, the underlying molecular mechanisms regulating protein expression and further highlight the progress in the application of RNA modification in disease diagnosis and treatment.更多还原