【摘要】 食用燕窝可以调节肠道菌群，改善人体免疫。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术对鲜炖燕窝进行光谱扫描，并用特征的光谱吸收峰与服用燕窝后的小鼠肠道菌群进行关联性分析，解析燕窝中的功能因子与肠道菌群的关联，为探讨燕窝调控肠道机理奠定研究基础。结果表明，服用仙炖燕窝后肠道菌在属水平上：有益菌Lactobacillus和Lachnospiraceae＿NK4A136＿group呈现上升趋势，有益菌Faecalibaculum和Akkermansia呈现下降趋势；有害菌Desulfovibrio、Enterorhabdus和Candidatus＿Saccharimonas均呈现下降趋势。两个产品燕窝的红外差异光谱主要集中在1 700～1 200 cm^-1波段范围，主要为酰胺键、芳香CC键以及羧基CO基团的分布区，这些官能团与有益菌Lactobacillus和Lachnospiraceae＿NK4A136＿group呈现正相关，与有害菌Desulfovibrio和Enterorhabdus呈现负相关。随后利用高分辨质谱对相应的鲜炖燕窝产品进行物质解析，发现主要成分有氨基酸类，脂类（磷酸酯类、脂肪酰、鞘氨醇等）,酯类和唾液酸等物质，这些物质与肠道菌呈现不同的相关性，总的来说脂类物质中特别是一些磷酸酯类（磷脂酸、磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰甘油、磷脂酰乙醇胺）和脂肪酰类物质与有害菌呈现负相关，与有益菌呈现正相关。这些物质所含有的特征官能团也可以与红外结果相对应。以上结果表明，傅里叶变换红外光谱技术可为探讨燕窝中功能因子调控肠道菌群研究提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Eating bird’s nest（EBN）can regulate intestinal flora and improve human immunity. Excavating the key nutrients and effective functional groups in fresh stewed bird’s nest（FSBN）can lay a research foundation for exploring the mechanism of bird’s nest regulating intestinal flora. The functional groups and material composition of the two brands of FSBN products were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy（FTIR） and high-resolution mass spectrometry（HRMS）, respectively. In order to explore the effective functional groups and key regulatory substances in the regulation of intestinal flora after eating FSBN, the relationship between FTIR and HRMS results and the abundance of intestinal flora in C57BL/6N mice was established by correlation analysis. The results showed that after taking FSBN, the intestinal bacteria that differ greatly in the species level are as follows: beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus and Lachnospiraceae＿NK4A136＿group showed an upward trend, beneficial bacteria Faecalibaculumand Akkermansia showed a downward trend, and harmful bacteria Desulfovibrio, Enterorhabdus and Candidatus＿Saccharimonas showed a downward trend. The infrared difference spectra of the two products were mainly concentrated in the 1 700～1 200 cm^-1 band, which were mainly the distribution areas of the amide bond, aromatic CC and carboxylic acid CO group. These functional groups were positively correlated with beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus and Lachnospiraceae＿NK4A136＿group and negatively correlated with harmful bacteria Desulfovibrio and Enterorhabdus. After analysing small molecular substances in FSBN by metabolomics, it was found that the main components were amino acids, lipids, esters and sialic acids, which showed different correlations with intestinal bacteria. Generally speaking, lipids, especially some phosphate esters（Phosphate, Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphatidylethanolamine and Phosphatidylglycerol） and fatty acyl showed extremely significant negative correlation with harmful bacteria and a positive correlation with beneficial bacteria. The characteristic groups in these substances can also correspond to the FTIR results. The above results show that both Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and metabolomics can provide a theoretical basis for studying nutrients on the regulation of intestinal flora.更多还原