【摘要】 在众多隧道施工方法中，盾构法以施工速度快点、安全性高的优点，迅速成为国内外地铁隧道施工建设的常用方法之一。但在采用盾构法进行隧道的施工开挖过程中，会对工程区域附近土体和建筑物等造成扰动，导致地表发生沉降。文中在查阅国内外大量文献的基础上，对盾构法施工及地表沉降规律进行简要介绍，分别从理论解析法、经验公式法、数值模拟法、机器学习法四个方面梳理总结了国内外对盾构施工引起地表沉降预测的研究成果，并对不同方法的优缺点进行了分析，机器学习法配合其他方法共同使用将为隧道工程中地表沉降问题预测提供更为准确的依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Among the various tunnel construction methods, shield tunneling has rapidly become a commonly used approach for subway tunnel construction both domestically and internationally due to its advantages of faster construction speed and higher safety. However, during the excavation process of tunnel construction using shield tunneling, disturbances to the surrounding soil and structures in the construction area can lead to ground surface settlement. Building upon an extensive review of literature from both domestic and international publications, this article provides a brief introduction to shield tunneling construction and the patterns of ground surface settlement. It systematically summarizes research findings on predicting ground surface settlement caused by shield tunnel construction from four perspectives, which are, theoretical analysis, empirical formulas, numerical simulation, and machine learning. The advantages and disadvantages of these different methods are analyzed. The combined use of machine learning with other approaches provides a more accurate basis for predicting ground surface settlement issues in tunnel engineering.更多还原