【摘要】 为进一步提高雾中能见度的预报准确度，本文基于安徽黄山站2008年4～7月、2009年5～8月、2011年5～9月和湖北恩施山顶站2009年1～3月的雾微物理等观测资料，建立了新的雾中能见度诊断方案，并加以检验。首先，对已有的能见度诊断方案进行比较，验证了能见度方案同时包含数浓度和含水量的重要性。其次，在已有的方案中，能见度与微物理量之间函数关系式的系数往往取作常数，但研究发现这些系数与微物理量本身紧密相关。先利用黄山2008年一半的雾观测数据建立了拟合系数与数浓度之间的关系，改进了能见度的诊断方案。然后把黄山2008年另一半、2009、2011年和恩施2009年的数据作为独立数据，对改进后新方案进行验证，结果均表明新方案能更好地计算能见度。更多还原

【Abstract】 To enhance the accuracy of fog visibility forecasts, a new fog visibility diagnostic scheme was established and tested using observational data on fog microphysics. The data were collected from April to July 2008, May to August2009, and May to September 2011 at the Bright Summit of Mount Huangshan and from January to March 2009 in Enshi,Hubei. First, existing visibility diagnostic schemes were compared, confirming the importance of considering liquid water content as well as droplet number concentration in such schemes. Second, the study found that the coefficients used in previous diagnostic schemes— generally treated as constants— are closely related to microphysics. The relationships between the fitting coefficients and the droplet number concentration were established using half of the data about Mount Huangshan for 2008; thus, the visibility diagnostic schemes were improved. The effectiveness of the new scheme was verified using independent data, which included the other half of the data about Mount Huangshan for 2008 and the entire dataset for 2009 and 2011. Additionally, data on Enshi, Hubei, for 2009 were included in the verification process.更多还原