【摘要】 遗传转化是植物基因工程的重要手段。快速、高效地将目的基因导入植物细胞,并缩短获得转基因后代的时间是遗传转化的关键。花生(Arachis hypogaea)是我国重要的油料及经济作物。目前花生的遗传转化体系尚未完善,制约着花生的基因功能解析和分子育种进程。该文建立了一套快速、稳定的花生遗传转化体系。通过将农杆菌注射于花生第2茎节的切面获得转化植株,再将阳性植株进行移栽和回土,采摘注射点以上的荚果进行后续鉴定与分析。结果表明,利用该方法可获得40%以上的T0代嵌合体植株,约5个月可收获T0代花生种子,其中约有9%的T1代花生植株为非嵌合体的杂合体。针对部分转基因植株结实少的问题,进一步提出了将快速转化体系与传统组培方法相结合的优化方案。构建的快速转化方法对大蒜(Allium sativum)、马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)和香雪兰(Freesia refracta)的遗传转化具有潜在应用价值,对其它植物的遗传转化也有重要参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Plant transformation is an important tool for genetic engineering. The key technology of genetic transformation is to introduce foreign genes into plants genomes quickly and efficiently and reduce the time to obtain transgenic offspring.Peanut(Arachis hypogaea) is an important oil and cash crop in China. The genetic transformation system is still not well established in peanuts. It seriously restricts the function research of peanut genes and the molecular breeding progress.Here, we established a rapid and stable genetic transformation system in peanuts. The Agrobacterium tumefaciens was injected into the second stem of peanut to produce transgenic plants. Then positive transgenic peanut was transplanted and tamped backfill to cover the injection point. Those seeds above the injection point were picked for further screening and analyzing. The results showed that over 40% of transgenic plants were obtained and displayed chimeric in T0 generation. The T0 seeds were harvested about 5 months after rapid-transformation. About 9% of T1 peanuts were hybrids rather than chimeras. To solve the problem of few seed in some transgenic plants, the rapid-transformation system was combined with traditional tissue culture. This rapid-transformation system has potential value in garlic(Allium sativum),potato(Solanum tuberosum), and freesia(Freesia refracta). Altogether, this study establishes a rapid and stable genetic transformation system for peanuts, which sheds light on other plants’ genetic transformation.更多还原