【摘要】 目的 探讨呼吸道疾病患儿抗生素使用情况以及家长焦虑、抑郁的发生现状，并探讨患儿抗生素使用情况与父母焦虑、抑郁的相关性。方法 选取2019年1月-2020年12月就诊于长春市儿童医院儿科的呼吸道疾病患儿父母514例，采用自制“患儿及家长调查问卷”、焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）收集患儿及其父母的一般情况，对患儿父母的焦虑和抑郁进行评估，分析影响患儿父母的焦虑、抑郁情绪的因素，以及患儿抗生素使用情况与父母焦虑、抑郁的相关性。结果 入组的514例父母SDS和SAS量表调查结果显示，抑郁情绪发生率为46.5%，焦虑情绪发生率为84.4%。影响呼吸道疾病患儿抗生素使用的单因素分析显示，呼吸道疾病患儿抗生素使用情况与家长性别和年龄无关（P>0.05），与家长受教育程度、家庭月收入、居住地、家长是否具有医学教育背景、家长是否在医药卫生行业工作、患儿是否有医疗保险、家长焦虑和抑郁有关（P<0.05）;Logistic回归分析显示，家长受教育程度、家长具有医学教育背景、医药卫生行业工作、家长焦虑和家长抑郁均是呼吸道疾病患儿使用抗生素的独立危险因素（P<0.05），对上述影响因素进一步进行Spearman相关分析，呼吸道疾病患儿抗生素的使用与家长受教育程度无相关性，与家长具有医学教育背景和医药卫生行业工作呈负相关，与家长焦虑和抑郁呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论 呼吸道疾病患儿抗生素使用情况与家长具有医学教育背景、在医药卫生行业工作、焦虑和抑郁有关，临床工作中应加大健康教育的普及力度，同时关注患儿家长的不良情绪，及时采取相应的个性化心理加以干预，减少因家长焦虑和抑郁情绪导致的抗生素不规范使用，降低抗生素滥用率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the use of antibiotics in children with respiratory diseases and the occurrence of anxiety and depression in their parents,and to explore the correlation between the use of antibiotics in children and their parents’ anxiety and depression.Methods 514 parents of children with respiratory diseases treated in pediatrics of our hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected.The general conditions of children and their parents were collected by self-made“children and parents questionnaire”,self rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and self rating Depression Scale(SDS).The anxiety and depression of children’s parents were evaluated,and the factors affecting the anxiety and depression of children’s parents were analyzed,And the correlation between antibiotic use and parental anxiety and depression.Results the SDS and SAS scales of 514 parents showed that the incidence of depression was 46.5% and the incidence of anxiety was 84.4%.Univariate analysis of antibiotic use in children with respiratory diseases showed that antibiotic use in children with respiratory diseases had nothing to do with their parents’ gender and age(P>0.05),which was related to parents’ education level,family monthly income,residence,whether parents had medical education background,whether parents worked in the medical and health industry,whether children had medical insurance,parents’ anxiety and depression(P<0.05);logistic regression analysis showed that parents’ education level,parents’ medical education background,work in the medical and health industry,parents’ anxiety and parents’ depression were independent risk factors for the use of antibiotics in children with respiratory diseases(P<0.05).Further Spearman correlation analysis of the above influencing factors showed that the use of antibiotics in children with respiratory diseases had no correlation with their parents’ education level,negatively correlated with their parents’ medical education background and work in the medical and health industry,and positively correlated with their parents’ anxiety and depression(P<0.05).Conclusion the use of antibiotics in children with respiratory diseases is related to their parents’ medical education background,work in the medical and health industry,anxiety and depression.In clinical work,we should strengthen the popularization of health education,pay attention to the bad emotions of their parents,and take corresponding personalized psychological intervention in time to reduce the risk caused by their parents’ anxiety and depression Nonstandard use of antibiotics reduces the rate of antibiotic abuse.更多还原