【摘要】 FDM-3D打印机在打印成型过程中由于受结构设计与冷却方式等因素的影响，其喷头系统容易出现温度场分布不均，导致热塑性材料因熔融状态的不同而堵住喷嘴，从而影响3D打印机的正常使用。本研究利用ANSYS软件的有限元分析和流体动力学分析方法对FDM-3D打印机喷头系统的喉管、散热片、加热块以及喷嘴的结构设计与温度场分布进行仿真分析，并提出喷头系统关键机构的优化设计方案。结果表明：当喉管采用不锈钢材料时能有效降低喉管温度；散热片能大幅度降低喉管的温度，未加散热片时温度为204.58℃,加入后温度为114.65℃,降幅达89.93℃;风道设计对喉管的温度控制效果比未加风道时下降12.968℃,从而提高FDM-3D打印机的打印连续性、可靠性、打印效率以及打印质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to the influence of structural design and cooling method in the printing process of FDM-3D printer, the nozzle system of FDM-3D printer is prone to uneven temperature field distribution, resulting in the thermoplastic material blocking the nozzle due to different melting states, thus affecting the 3D printing.The methods of finite element analysis and fluid dynamics analysis of ANSYS software are used in this paper to simulate and analyze the structure design and temperature field distribution of the throat, heat sink, heating block and nozzle of the FDM-3D printer nozzle system, and the optimal design scheme of the key mechanism of the nozzle system is proposed.The results show that: the temperature of the throat can be effectively reduced when the stainless steel throat is used; the temperature of the throat can be greatly reduced by adding heat sinks, without adding it is 204.58 ℃,and after adding it is 114.65 ℃,with a temperature drop of 89.93 ℃;the temperature control effect of the air duct design on the throat is better than that without air.The temperature drops by 12.968 ℃,thereby improving the printing continuity, reliability, printing efficiency and printing quality of the FDM-3D printer.更多还原