【摘要】 凝结芽孢杆菌作为产芽孢的乳酸菌，其抗逆性和益生作用备受关注。为获得优良凝结芽孢杆菌菌种，本研究通过热处理从芦花鸡粪便中分离鉴定出22株潜在优良的凝结芽孢杆菌，并对其抗逆性及益生性能进行评价，结果表明：在高温（90℃）、酸（pH=2.0）和胆盐（0.5%）条件下，菌株NCUBCG003、NCUBCG004和NCUBCG014存活率达85.0%以上。通过主成分分析法可知，这三株凝结芽孢杆菌在高温和胃肠道环境下的综合耐受性强于其他凝结芽孢杆菌；其次，菌株NCUBCG003、NCUBCG004和NCUBCG014有较高的乳酸产量和胆固醇降解能力，乳酸产量达5.0 g·L^-1以上，胆固醇去除率可达50.0%;最后，凝结芽孢杆菌有一定的抗氧化活力，特别是菌株NCUBCG003的羟自由基清除能力可达64.03 U·mL^-1,DPPH自由基清除率可达76.57%,而菌株NCUBCG014总抗氧化能力最突出，相当于3.52mM的FeSO₄溶液。综上可知，菌株NCUBCG003、NCUBCG004、NCUBCG014综合益生性能强于其他凝结芽孢杆菌，且安全可靠，具备在人和动物体内发挥益生作用的潜力，可作为优良微生物菌种资源，为凝结芽孢杆菌的工业化生产和应用奠定基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 As spore-producing lactic acid bacteria, the Bacillus coagulans have attracted much attention due to their stress resistance and probiotic effects.In order to obtain excellent Bacillus coagulans strains, 22 potential excellent Bacillus coagulans strains were isolated and identified from the feces of Luhua chicken by heat treatment, and their stress resistance and probiotic properties were evaluated.The results showed that under the conditions of high temperature（ 90 ℃）,acid（ pH=2.0） and bile salt（0.5%）,the survival rates of strains NCUBCG003,NCUBCG004 and NCUBCG014 reached more than 85.0%,and the principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive tolerance of the three strains of Bacillus coagulans under high temperature and simulated gastrointestinal fluid environment was stronger than that of other Bacillus coagulans.Secondly, the strains NCUBCG003,NCUBCG004 and NCUBCG014 had higher lactic acid production and cholesterol degradation ability.The lactic acid production was more than 5.0 g·L^-1 and the cholesterol removal rate was 50.0%.Finally, Bacillus coagulans had certain antioxidant activity, especially the hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of strain NCUBCG003 could reach 64.03 U·mL^-1,DPPH free radical scavenging rate can reach 76.57%,and the total antioxidant capacity of strain NCUCG014 is the most outstanding, being equivalent to 3.52 mM FeSO₄ solution.In summary, the comprehensive probiotic properties of strains NCUBCG003,NCUBCG004,and NCUBCG014 are stronger than other Bacillus coagulans,and they are safe and reliable.They have the potential to play a probiotic role in humans and animals.They can be used as excellent microbial strains to lay the foundation for the industrial production and application of Bacillus coagulans.更多还原