【摘要】 麻子仁丸出自《伤寒论》,主治脾约证，多用于治疗便秘。目前普遍认为本方的主治病机为胃热肠燥，君药为火麻仁，归类为润下剂。以上对本方主治病机、君药、归类的认识存在误区，是导致本方滥用于习惯性便秘长期治疗的重要原因。通过考证诸书，辨析方剂，笔者认为造成以上问题的根源在于《伤寒论》未使用统一的度量衡单位标注药物用量，以及成无己的研究存在不足，未明确胃热为本方主治病机的根本，误认为火麻仁为本方君药。笔者认为胃热为本方主治的根本病机，胃热不除，肠燥难愈，胃热得泄，肠燥自润；大黄在方中针对主病及主症起主要作用，且在方中用量与单位药力最大，为本方君药；将本方归类为寒下剂，既符合仲景本意，亦具有限制本方滥用的现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Maziren pill was first described in the “Treatise on Febrile Diseases.” It is mainly used to treat spleen syndrome and constipation. At present, it is generally believed that The main pathogenic mechanism of this formula is heat in the stomach and dryness in the intestines, and the ruling herb is hemp seed kernel, which is classified as a laxative, and the primary ingredient is Huomaren, which is classified as a moisturizer. The above misunderstandings about Main treatment mechanism, ruling medicine, categorization are the primary reasons for the abuse of this prescription for the long-term treatment of habitual constipation. Based on textual research and analysis of prescriptions, we believe that the root cause of the above problems is that the “Treatise on Febrile Diseases” does not indicate a unified unit of measurement to indicate the dosage of drugs. In addition, Cheng Wuji’s study was deficient-it did not confirm that stomach heat was the key subject of the formula, and mistakenly considered fire hemp seed as the key drug of the formula.We believe that a burning stomach lies at the root of the pathogenesis of the prescription. The burning stomach is not healed, the dry intestines are difficult to heal, the stomach heat is drained, and the dry intestines are self-moisturizing. The prescription has the largest dosage and strength, which is Key Medications; classifying this prescription as a cold medicine is not only in line with Zhongjing’s original intention, but it also has practical significance in limiting the abuse of this prescription.更多还原