【摘要】 为研究生物炭对土壤理化性质和重金属形态的影响，探索生物炭对土壤改良的最佳处理浓度，设置了3种生物炭浓度：T₀（0 kg/hm²）、T₁（15000 kg/hm²）、T₂（45000 kg/hm²），研究了不同浓度生物炭对土壤pH值、含水率、阳离子交换量、团聚体数量、速效磷含量、速效钾含量、碱解氮含量、各形态Pb含量、各形态Cd含量的影响。结果表明：施入生物炭后，土壤pH值、阳离子交换量、速效钾的含量显著增加，而含水率、碱解氮含量、速效磷含量显著下降。施用生物炭使得土壤中>0.25 mm粒径的团聚体所占比例升高，占比达51%。施入生物炭显著降低了土壤中有效态Pb、有效态Cd的含量，提高了残渣态Pb、残渣态Cd的含量，T₂处理下Pb残渣态、Cd残渣态所占比例分别达到了81%、84%。生物炭处理可改良土壤的理化性质，对Pb、Cd有良好的钝化效果，以施入生物炭45000 kg/hm²时的钝化效果最好。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the effects of biochar on soil physicochemical properties and heavy metal forms and explore the optimal treatment concentration of biochar for soil improvement,the effects of biochar concentration T₀ （0 kg/hm²）,T₁（15000 kg/hm²） and T₂ （45000 kg/hm²） on soil pH,water content,cation exchange,agglomerates,available phosphorus,available potassium,alkaline nitrogen content and the contents of each form of Pb and Cd were studied.The results showed that after the application of biochar,soil pH,soil cation exchange and available potassium increased significantly,while soil water content,alkaline nitrogen and available phosphorus content decreased significantly.The proportion of agglomerates>0.25 mm particle size in the soil increased,reaching 51%.The biochar significantly reduced the content of effective Pb and Cd and increased the content of residual Pb and Cd in the soil,among which the proportion of Pb and Cd in the residual state reached 81% and 84% under T₂ treatment.The biochar treatment could improve the physicochemical properties of the soil and had good passivation effect on Pb and Cd,among which the best passivation effect of biochar was achieved under T₂ concentration treatment.更多还原