【摘要】 目的:探索父母情绪社会化行为与幼儿内化问题的关系，儿童情绪调节能力的中介作用以及儿童性别、气质的调节作用。方法:对273名学龄前幼儿的主要抚养者进行问卷调查，测量父母情绪社会化行为、儿童情绪调节能力、儿童内化问题行为、儿童负性情绪性。结果:(1)父母痛苦反应(r=0.30,P<0.001)与惩罚反应(r=0.25,P<0.001)均正向预测儿童内化问题行为，并经由儿童负性情绪调节困难中介；其他情绪社会化行为与儿童问题内化行为无关(P>0.05);(2)儿童性别(β=-0.29,P=0.010)、气质(β=0.36,P=0.022)及二者交互项(β=-0.25,P=0.014)均可调节父母痛苦反应与儿童负性情绪调节困难的关系。负性情绪性较高的男生受父母痛苦反应的消极影响最大。结论:儿童情绪调节中介了父母非支持性情绪社会化行为对幼儿内化问题行为的预测作用，负性情绪性较高的男生受父母痛苦反应的消极影响最大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To explore the association between parental emotional socialization behaviors and young children’s internalizing problems, the mediating role of children’s emotion regulation skills and the moderating role of children’s gender and temperament.Methods:Questionnaires were administered to 273 primary caregivers of preschool-aged children to measure parental emotional socialization behaviors, children’s emotion regulation, children’s internalizing problem behaviors, and children’s negative emotionality.Results:(1)Both parental distress(r=0.30,P<0.001)and punishment response(r=0.25,P<0.001)positively predicted children’s internalizing problem behavior, and were mediated by children’s negative emotion regulation difficulty.While other emotional socialization behaviors were not related to children’s internalizing problem behaviors(P>0.05).(2)Children’s gender(β=-0.29,P=0.010),temperament(β=-0.36,P=0.022)and their interaction term(β=-0.25,P=0.014)moderated the relationship between parental distress responses and children’s negative emotion regulation difficulties.Conclusion:Children’s emotional regulation mediates the predictive effect of parents’ unsupportive emotional socialization behavior on children’s internalizing problem behaviors, and boys with higher negative emotionality are most negatively influenced by parental distress responses.更多还原