【摘要】 汉代是灯具的繁荣时期，照明燃料有动物油脂（或蜜蜡）和植物膏油两类。仿器皿造型的陶质膏油灯是民间普遍的照明用灯。汉代文献记载的照明燃料只有从瓠籽和大麻（火麻）子中提取的油。结合当时条件进行试验，结果表明，汉代可能用水煮法提取灯油，以麻纤维搓制灯芯燃灯。汉代大麻和瓠种植普遍，煮法制油简便易行，灯芯材料易得，陶灯器形简单，选用随意，以瓠、麻油为主要燃料的陶灯解决了汉代广大百姓的日常照明问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Han dynasty was a prosperous period for lamps which used animal fat(or beeswax) and vegetable paste oil as fuel. The pottery oil lamps in the shape of quotidian utensils were widely used for lighting. The only fuel for lamp recorded in Han dynasty literature was oil extracted from gourd seeds and hemp.Experiments simulating the conditions in the Han dynasty suggest that at that time the oil might have been extracted through water boiling and that the lamp wick might have been made of hemp fibers. During the Han dynasty, hemp and gourd were widely planted, the boiling method for extracting oil was easy to practise,the material for wick was readily accessible, pottery lamps were generally applicable, all of which made pottery lamps a good solution for lighting in the Han dynasty.更多还原