【摘要】 积极应对全球气候变化是我国经济社会发展的重大战略。低碳减排的新型城镇化要求提高城市的气候适应性，缓解城市气候问题。构建良好人居环境、推动社会高质量发展是当前面临的重大问题。在我国湿热地区的高密度中心城区，人流密集的枢纽型广场热舒适性日益受到关注，在其改造过程中引入模拟评价以改善环境整体热舒适度，对缓解城市热岛、优化城市空间规划建设、提升城市品质具有较强的现实意义。基于城市微气候模拟软件ENVI-met对方案进行数值模拟，得到6个热舒适性评价指标(预测平均投票、标准有效温度、生理等效温度、通用热气候指数、湿黑球温度、温湿指数)构建综合评价指标。通过ArcGIS量化处理后，比选长沙市五一广场3个改造方案的热舒适度，并从水体、铺地材料和植被等方向进一步优化。研究结果表明：微气候数值模拟的运用能优化规划方案的热舒适性，水体、铺砖、植被的类型选择、面积大小、组合模式都能有效降低温度提高热舒适性，单一指标评价空间热舒适性过去片面，构建综合评价指标可行性更高。在设计阶段优化提升环境热舒适度，不仅有利于改善城市气候问题，减少相关活动碳排放及国土空间规划中详细规划指标的控制，还为后续的方案设计、比选、评估及审核等提供有效的热舒适评价指标参量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Actively responding to global climate change is a major strategy for China ’s economic and social development. The new-type urbanization sets low-carbon requirements for improving the climate adaptability of cities, alleviating urban climate problems, building a good living environment, and promoting high-quality social development are major issues currently faced. In high-density central urban areas in hot and humid regions of China, the thermal comfort of hub-type squares has attracted increasing attention. In the process of its transformation, thermal comfort evaluation was introduced to improve the overall thermal comfort of the environment, which had a strong practical significance to alleviate urban heat islands, optimize urban spatial planning and construction, and improve urban quality. Based on the urban microclimate simulation software ENVI-met to simulate the scheme, six thermal comfort evaluation indexes(Predicted Mean Vote, Standard Effective Temperature, Physiological Equivalent Temperature, Universal Thermal Climate Index, Wet-BulbGlobe-Temperature, and Temperature Humidity Index) were obtained to construct a comprehensive index. After quantification by ArcGIS, the thermal comfort of the three renovation schemes of Changsha Wuyi Square was compared and further optimized using water, paving materials, and vegetation. The results show that the use of microclimate numerical simulation can optimize the thermal comfort of the planning scheme, and the type, area size, and combination pattern of water, paving tiles, and vegetation can effectively reduce the temperature and improve the thermal comfort. A single index to evaluate the thermal comfort of space used to be one-sided, and it is more feasible to construct a comprehensive evaluation index. Optimizing the thermal comfort of the environment at the design stage does not only lead to improving the urban climate, reducing carbon emissions,and controlling detailed planning indicators, but also providing effective thermal comfort evaluation indexes for subsequent scheme design, selection, evaluation and review.更多还原