【摘要】 目的探讨社区6个月龄婴儿缺铁性贫血(IDA)的患病率及其相关危险因素。方法选择上海宝山社区服务中心儿童保健门诊定期行6个月龄健康体检的婴儿881例作为研究对象。参照《儿童缺铁和缺铁性贫血防治建议》的诊断标准,经婴儿血常规检测和体格检查,统计其IDA的患病率,通过问卷调查方式收集婴儿及其父母相关资料,采用多因素logistic回归法,分析引起6个月龄婴儿IDA的发病相关危险因素。结果社区6个月龄婴儿IDA患病率为10.6%(93/881例),其中轻度贫血91例(10.3%),中度贫血2例(0.2%),未见重度贫血。统计分析提示IDA发生率存在下列影响因素:(1)早产儿高于足月儿(χ~2=6.428,P <0.05),低出生体重儿高于正常体重儿(χ~2=6.081,P <0.05);(2)男性高于女性(χ~2=12.447,P <0.01);(3)纯母乳喂养高于配方奶粉喂养(χ~2=9.620,P <0.01),未及时添加辅食(25%)高于及时添加两种及以上辅食者(9.0%);(4)母孕期贫血(χ~2=4.777,P <0.05)发生IDA的风险较高;(5)多因素分析结果显示:男性、母孕期贫血、纯母乳喂养、未及时添加辅食均为婴儿IDA的主要危险因素。结论本地区6个月龄的婴儿IDA患病率依然较高,加强孕母围产期保健和纠正贫血,重视婴儿的合理喂养和及时添加辅食,是预防婴儿缺铁性贫血的有效措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of iron deficiency anemia( IDA) among 6-month-old infants in community. Methods A total of 881 6-months-old infants who performed regular children health examination in Shanghai Baoshan community service center were selected as research subjects. According to the diagnostic criteria of " recommendations for prevention and treatment of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia among children ",the prevalence of IDA was calculated by the result of routine blood test and physical examination. The data of infants and their parents were collected by questionnaire,and the risk factors of IDA among 6-month-old infants were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results The prevalence of IDA among 6-month-old infants in the community was 10. 6%, among those patients,91 cases( 10. 3%) were mild anemia and 2 cases( 2. 15%) were moderate anemia,with no severe anemia detected. There are the following influencing factors in the incidence of IDA:(1)The prevalence of IDA among preterm infants was higher than that in full-term infants( χ~2= 6. 428,P < 0. 05); The prevalence of IDA in low birth weight infants was higher than that in normal weight infants( χ~2= 6. 081,P < 0. 05) ．(2) The prevalence of IDA among male infants was higher than that in female infants( χ~2= 12. 447,P < 0. 01) ．(3)The prevalence of IDA in breast fed infants was higher than that in formula fed infants( χ~2= 9. 620,P < 0. 01). The prevalence rate of infants who did not add complementary foods in time( 25%) was higher than that of infants who added two or more complementary foods in time( 9. 0%) ．(4)The mother having anemia during pregnancy( χ~2= 4. 777,P <0. 05) had higher risk of IDA．(5)The results of multivariate analysis showed that male,maternal anemia during pregnancy,exclusive breastfeeding,and not adding complementary food in time were the main risk factors of IDA. Conclusions The prevalence of anemia is relatively high among 6-month-old infants in this region. The effective measures to prevent iron deficiency anemia are to strengthen perinatal health care of pregnant women,correct maternal anemia during pregnancy,pay attention to reasonable feeding of infants and add supplementary food in time.更多还原