【摘要】 目的分析2020年4月1日至2021年8月13日国内118起COVID-19疫情反弹事件的特点,为疫情常态化防控提供科学依据。方法收集中央和地方人民政府、政府职能部门和专业防控机构官方网站发布的信息以及官方媒体登载的疫情事件信息,提取各起反弹事件的开始/结束时间、确诊病例/无症状感染者数量、疫情波及地域范围、首例报告感染者人口学信息、接触史/感染史、确诊前14天活动轨迹、首例报告感染者发现方式等数据。结果 118起疫情均为境外输入关联病例引起的疫情扩散,时间持续最短1天,最长52天;其中,51起以有症状感染者为主,累计确诊病例占所有感染者的比例均在90%以上;36起首例报告病例是从医院"应检尽检"重点人群环节发现,112起为非入境人员(94.9%);在首例报告感染者的身份方面,有25起事件的"零号感染者"溯源信息不详(21.2%);在首例报告感染者接触确诊患者或疑似感染源的时间间隔上,78起事件(66.1%)的信息不详。首例报告感染者确诊前14天常去的场所主要有公共场所(64起)、居民生活区(52起)、交通客运站(37起)和医疗卫生机构/药房(30起)。结论我国当前对COVID-19疫情防控信息采集尚存在一些不足,这对"外防输入"防控策略构成了挑战。政府部门应针对这些不足完善重点场所、重点单位、重点人群的日常监测,切实做到疫情防控的"早发现、早报告"。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the characteristics of 118 local relapsing events of COVID-19 epidemic in China, providing scientific evidence for the routine prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic.Methods Epidemiological data from the official websites of the central and local governments, governmental departments, professional agencies for disease prevention and control were collected, including the starting and ending dates of relapsing events, number of confirmed cases and asymptomatic cases, geographic regions affected by the relapsing events, as well as data about the first infected person who was confirmed by the government(consisting of individual sociodemographic characteristics, contact history with confirmed, asymptomatic cases or suspected cases, infection history, travelling track in the 14 days before being diagnosed, and the way that the first infected person was detected.Results All 118 relapsing events were caused by the imported cases.The duration of relapsing event ranged from 1 to 52 days.There were 51 relapsing events with an over-90% proportion that cumulative confirmed cases accounted for all symptomatic and asymptomatic cases.For 36 relapsing events, the first infected persons who was confirmed officially was identified from the specific population at hospitals that should receive laboratory tests.The first infected person who was ascertained by the government was not international travelers for 112 relapsing events(94.9%).The identity of the first infected persons who was confirmed officially cannot be ascertained for 25 relapsing events(21.2%).The time interval between the first infected person was detected officially and he or she contacted any confirmed or suspected patients previously was unknown for 78 relapsing events(66.1%)were still unknown.The common locations that the first infected person who was confirmed officially visited consisted of public places(64 events),living community(52 events),hospitals, transport stations(37 events),and clinics or pharmacies(30 events).Conclusion Currently, there are some deficiencies in data collection of prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic in China, posing a challenge to the prevention strategy of imported cases.Based on these deficiencies, the government should enhance daily surveillance for specific location, institutions, and populations to ensure the implementation of “early detection, early reporting”.更多还原