【摘要】 目的:比较国内"非典"与"新冠"两次重大疫情期间心理援助热线相关来电特征。方法:收集北京市心理援助热线"非典"期间176次相关来电者(非典组)和"新冠"期间727次相关来电者(新冠组)的人口学资料、通话时间、来电主要问题及干预措施。结果:非典组以男性、北京居民居多;新冠组以女性、未婚者居多,其通话时间明显长于非典组(χ~2=236.297,P<0.01)。两组来电咨询的主要问题分布不同(χ~2=426.897,P<0.01),非典组询问疫情知识最多(61.9%);新冠组咨询本人心理方面问题最多(79.9%)。热线给予的干预措施方面,新冠组提供舒缓情绪和其他信息比例高于非典组,提供疫情知识和转诊较低(P均<0.01)。结论:与17年前"非典"疫情期比较,"新冠"疫情期心理援助热线来电者的知识需求减少,心理需求增多。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To compare the characteristics of psychological support hotline callers with the novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) related problems and the callers with severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) related problems. Method:176 callers during SARS(SARS group) and 727 callers during COVID-19(COVID-19 group) from Beijing Psychological Support Hotline were recruited.The demographic characteristics, call duration, major complaints and intervention methods in the two groups were compared. Results:More callers were male and living in Beijing in the SARS group, while the COVID-19 group tended to be female and unmarried.The call duration of the COVID-19 group was longer than that of the SARS group(χ~2=236.297,P<0.01).The major complaints were different between the two groups(χ~2=426.897,P<0.01).The most common complaints were asking SARS related knowledge(61.9%) in the SARS group and consulting psychological distress(79.9%) in the COVID-19 group.In terms of the interventions provided, the callers in the COVID-19 group were more likely to receive emotion relieving and other knowledge, but less likely to receive knowledge of communicable diseases and referral information than those in the SARS group(all P<0.01). Conclusion:Compared with the SARS epidemic period 17 years ago, when the demands of callers seeking for knowledge of the events decrease, the demands that seeking for psychological intervention increase during the COVID-19 epidemic period.更多还原