【摘要】 目的了解南宁市4～12岁儿童瞳孔直径分布特征及瞳孔不等的患病情况。方法采用整群随机抽样法选取南宁市5所学校4～12岁儿童1 377名,进行标准对数视力表、手持裂隙灯眼前节和直接眼底镜检查,采用手持式验光仪检测瞳孔直径和屈光度。比较1 377名儿童右眼、左眼的等效球镜、瞳孔直径,分析等效球镜、瞳孔直径与年龄、性别之间的相关性,记录1 377名儿童瞳孔不等的患病情况。结果 1 377例受检儿童右眼和左眼的等效球镜分别为[0.45(-0.07,0.85)]D和[0.54(-0.01,0.93)]D,瞳孔直径分别为(5.87±0.72)mm和(5.82±0.73)mm。左、右眼之间的等效球镜值、瞳孔直径均呈正相关(均P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,随着年龄的增长,双眼等效球镜逐渐减小,瞳孔直径逐渐增大(P<0.05)。等效球镜和瞳孔直径在男童与女童中的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。所有受检儿童两眼瞳孔直径差值为[0.17(0.08,0.31)] mm,瞳孔不等患病率为13.8%。结论南宁市4～12岁儿童瞳孔直径随年龄增长而增加,儿童瞳孔不等的患病率较高,值得小儿眼科医生、校医及妇幼保健人员关注。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the distribution features of pupil size and the prevalence of anisocoria in children aged 4 to 12 years in Nanning City.Methods A total of 1 377 children aged 4 to 12 years from five schools in Nanning City were selected using the cluster random sampling method, and they underwent ocular examinationsincluding visual acuity assessment by the standard logarithmic visual acuity chart, anterior segment testing using portable slit lamp, and direct funduscopy, and a handheld optometry was used to determine pupil size and diopter. The spherical equivalent refractions and pupil sizes of the right and left eyes of 1 377 children were compared, the correlation of spherical equivalent refractions and pupil size with age and sex was analyzed, and the prevalence of anisocoria was recorded in 1 377 children.Results In the 1 377 children enrolled, the spherical equivalent refractions of the right and left eyes were 0.45(-0.07, 0.85) D and 0.54(-0.01,0.93)D, the pupil sizes were 5.87±0.72 mm and 5.82±0.73 mm, respectively. Both spherical equivalent refraction and pupil size of the left eye positively correlated with those of the right eye(all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis results showed that the spherical equivalent refractions of the left and right eyes decreased gradually and the pupil sizes rose gradually with increasing age(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in spherical equivalent refraction or pupil size between boys and girls(P>0.05). The difference of pupil size between the left and right eyes was 0.17(0.08, 0.31) mm in the children enrolled, the prevalence rate of anisocoria was 13.8%. Conclusion Pupil size increases with age and the prevalence rate of anisocoria is relatively high in children aged 4 to 12 years in Nanning City, which is worthy of attention of pediatric ophthalmologists, school doctors, and maternal and child health care personnel.更多还原