【摘要】 利用ArcGIS软件制作以县为单元的中国金缕梅科植物属的空间分布图,并从图中提取每个属的斑块个数、面积及周长,计算斑块的形状指数、最大斑块指数、Simpson均匀度指数和Shannon均匀度指数,定量分析中国金缕梅科植物各属的空间分布区特点,为金缕梅植物资源的保护、开发和利用提供依据。结果表明:(1)山铜材属、银缕梅属、四药门花属、牛鼻栓属、金缕梅属、壳菜果属均为单种属,其中前三属总面积较小且分布狭窄,后三属的总面积与分布范围均大于前三属;双花木属、山白树属、红花荷属、秀柱花属、半枫荷属、马蹄荷属、蕈树属、水丝梨属、蚊母树属、檵木属、蜡瓣花属、枫香树属均为多种属,随着属的面积增加,其属的分布区范围基本呈递增的趋势,且多种属的数量是单种属的2倍。(2)枫香树属分布区的总面积和最大斑块面积均最大,它能够整体体现出中国金缕梅科植物的空间分布和特点。(3)中国金缕梅科植物属的空间分布类型全部为间断分布,山铜材属、蚊母树属、檵木属和枫香树属呈现主分布区,牛鼻栓属、金缕梅属、壳菜果属、山白树属、半枫荷属、马蹄荷属、蕈树属、水丝梨属和蜡瓣花属呈主次分布区,银缕梅属、四药门花属、双花木属、红花荷属和秀柱花属呈星散分布。更多还原

【Abstract】 Map of spatial distribution of genera was made by the county and Hamamelidaceae of China in ArcGIS software, number of every patch, area and perimeter were gotten from the maps. Shape indices, largest patch indices, Simpson’s evenness indices and Shannon’s evenness indices were calculated. The characteristics of geographical distributions of each genus in Hamamelidaceae of China can be quantitatively analyzed. It provided the basis for the protection, development and utilization of Hamamelidaceae resource. Results showed that:(1) Chunia, Parrotia, Tetrathyrium, Fortunearia, Hamamelis and Mytilaria are monotypic genera. The total area of the first three genera is small and the distribution is narrow, while the total area and distribution range of the last three genera are larger than the first three genera; Disanthus, Sinowilsonia, Rhodoleia, Eustigma, Semiliquidambar, Exbucklandia, Altingia, Sycopsis, Distylium, Loropetalum, Corylopsis and Liquidambar are multiple genera. When area of genus increases, distribution range of genus basically increases. And the multiple genera are twice as many as the monotypic genera.(2) Total area and largest patch area of Liquidambar are the largest, which can reflect spatial distribution and characteristics of Hamamelidaceae in China.(3) Spatial distribution of all genera in Hamamelidaceae of China is disjunction. Chunia, Distylium, Loropetalum and Liquidambar have the main distribution area. Fortunearia, Hamamelis, Mytilaria, Sinowilsonia, Semiliquidambar, Exbucklandia, Altingia, Sycopsis and Corylopsis have main and secondary area. Parrotia, Tetrathyrium, Disanthus, Rhodoleia and Eustigma are all scattered area.更多还原