【摘要】 为探讨野生猴头菌（Hericium erinaceus）与通过组织分离获得的栽培猴头菌子实体之间的营养成分差异,对5个野生猴头菌及其栽培子实体的主要营养成分、氨基酸、维生素和矿质元素等进行了比较分析和评价。结果表明:野生猴头菌子实体粗多糖和总膳食纤维含量,药用和鲜味氨基酸占总氨基酸的比例高于栽培子实体,而粗脂肪、粗蛋白、灰分和碳水化合物含量,人体必需氨基酸百分比,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值以及维生素A、E、B₂、B₃和总维生素含量则低于栽培子实体;氨基酸评分和化学评价表明,野生猴头菌第一限制性氨基酸均为异亮氨酸,栽培猴头菌第一限制性氨基酸均为赖氨酸和异亮氨酸。更多还原

【Abstract】 To evaluate nutritional differences between wild and cultivated Hericium erinaceus, fruiting bodies of H. erinaceus collected from 5 different places of Jilin province in the wild and their corresponding cultivated fruiting bodies derived from tissue separation were analyzed for major nutritional components, amino acids, vitamins, mineral elements and ashes, respectively. The results showed that the wild fruiting bodies contained higher contents of dietary fiber, polysaccharide, ratio of medicinal and delicious amino acids to total amino acids than those of the cultivated ones. In contrast, the cultivated fruiting bodies contained more crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrate, ash, proportion of essential amino acids, ratio of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids, and vitamins A, E, B₂ and B₃ than the wild ones. According to amino acids scores（AAS） and chemical scores（CS）, the first limiting amino acid of the 5 wild H. erinaceus was isoleucine, and the first limiting amino acid of the cultivated H. erinaceus were lysine and isoleucine.更多还原