【摘要】 旅游与接待专业(HTM)毕业生的流失一直是困扰全球旅游教育和旅游行业发展的难题。旅游人才供需的错位和矛盾在我国也十分突出,但学生就业相关话题并未引起国内旅游学界的足够重视。文章梳理了国际主流学术期刊中以旅游、接待及相关专业学生就业和职业为主题的文献,在综合考虑生涯建构理论、旅游就业特点和文献主要内容的基础上,认为目前国际HTM学生就业研究可概括为4类研究对象(在校生、毕业生、行业管理者、高校及教师)、4类影响因素(个人、社会环境、教育教学和行业条件)、HTM学生就业4个过程环节(动机期望、感知评价、就业能力、选择决策)相互组合、交织的研究体系。文章进一步以4个过程环节为主线,结合影响因素、研究对象,从每个过程研究文献的特点和内在结构对HTM学生就业研究现状进行了述评,认为国际HTM就业研究具有以主体视角为主、对象广泛、方法多样等特点。最后,文章针对性地为国内相关研究提出了建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 A high level of graduate turnover has constantly been challenging the sustainability of tourism industries all over the world. The education institutes and industries have suffered as a result of the imbalance and mismatches between demand and supply of tourism education, especially the higher education, for a long time. Specifically, in China, the situation is worse due to the prejudice of service work in the traditional culture and the low quality of industries development. However, Chinese researchers do not arouse enough attention to the field of employment and career development of graduates in hospitality and tourism majors, while they have focused on research related to the education model and curriculum development. Essentially, our research agenda overlooks how the students and graduates perceive and think about the industries and HTM education. Meanwhile,international academics have attached great importance to this topic. To bridge the gap and attract the domestic scholars’ intention, this paper aims to review and summarize the literature from the international HTM periodicals in SSCI, which are discussing the employment and career development issues for HTM graduates and students. By extracting the framework, topic, and process of these articles, we provide some general guidance. Firstly, by collecting and screening related articles(before2020) from the SSCI journals, we get 120 articles as the sample and then present the descriptive statistics based on their publication years, journals, first authors’ countries, research cases’ countries and types of study objects. Secondly, this paper constructs a framework of related literature based on the career construction theory. The framework considers the vocational behavior of HTM students and related themes from the collected literature. In general, the framework encompasses 4 research perspectives, 4 types of factors, and 4 employment stages. The 4 research perspectives include students in school, graduate, industry practitioners, schools, and educators, while the 4 types of factors include individual and personality factors, social and environmental factors, educational factors, and industrial factors. Last but not least, the motivation and expectation, attitude and evaluation, employability and competency, decision and results(two parts: commitment/loyalty/intention and turnover/burnout)constitute the 4 employment stages. As the main topic and theme of this field, we organize and review the articles into these stages. After extracting the main topics, this paper summarizes the characters of papers at different stages, such as the course subjects of HTM student and graduate, a wide spectrum of study objects, and diversity of research method. Lastly, this paper points out several suggestions and directions for domestic academics, so as to arouse the attention of scholars, industry talents, and destination management organisations.更多还原